A comprehensive, computational study framework of theinfluence of aluminum oxide nanoparticles ondouble-diffusive convection in a lid-driven enclosure

The current investigation emphasizes the Aluminum oxide in water nanoparticles’ effect on double-diffusivemixed convection flow in lid-driven enclosure numerically. The main purpose of the investigation is theassessment of the changes in heat and transfer, due to variations of the dimensionless parameters of theRichardson number that covers the range of 0.01 and 100, the Lewis number that changes from 0.1 to 10,also 0 to 5 are related to the changes of the buoyancy ratio and the nanoparticles volume fraction is fallenin the range of 0 to 0.06 and the location displacement of the source from the highest to lowest in the leftwall. The control volume method, SIMPLER algorithm, and a hybrid discretization method are applied to thegoverning equations. The fluctuations of the mean Nusselt number as well as the mean Sherwood numbers viathe variation of the mentioned dimensionless numbers are illustrated. The results indicate that heat transfer isenhanced with increasing nanoparticle concentration, while mass transfer is subsided. Moreover, the rate ofboth heat and mass transfer is amplified by up to 25% as the buoyancy ratio increases from 0 to 5. However,the Richarson number increment makes a decrement in both.