Experimental and numerical analysis of the effect of the angle of impact of rigid projectiles on the depth of penetration and the amount of deflection in semi-infinite concrete targets

Penetration of projectiles in concrete targets may be oblique for various reasons, which, in addition to making its analysis more complicated, affects the penetration depth of projectiles. Therefore, it is necessary to study the penetration path and finally the penetration depth of the projectiles in the targets. In this article, numerical and experimental results have been investigated and compared for the oblique penetration path of a rigid projectile in concrete with compressive strength properties of 35 MPa. LS Dyna software is used for numerical simulation and RHT model is used to express the behavior of concrete. The required coefficients for this behavioral model have been finally calibrated and extracted by performing Triaxial and Brasilia and Uniaxial tests. The projectile is made of hard steel to have the least deformation, so heat treatment was performed on them, as a result of which their hardness increased to 40 HRC and their yield strength increased to 1000 MPa. In addition, experimental ballistic tests have been performed at different speeds and angles, and after the test, the samples have been scanned to determine the penetration path of the projectile. The results show a good agreement between the numerical and experimental methods and the numerical method has been able to estimate the penetration behavior of the projectile in concrete.