Analyzing the Influence of Expressionist Movement Elements on Interior Architecture

This paper aims to examine and analyze the key components of expressionism that significantly shape interior space design. As an artistic movement, expressionism is deeply rooted in the portrayal of human emotions and thoughts, frequently influenced by social and political contexts. This study explores the intersection of expressionism and interior architecture, emphasizing how its core principles can be effectively incorporated into spatial design. Employing a mixed-methods research approach, this study utilizes qualitative content analysis within an inductive framework, incorporating open and axial coding techniques. MAXQDA software was used to systematically categorize codes and identify relevant themes. The findings highlight five major categories derived from 16 subcomponents, which define the essential characteristics of Expressionist-inspired interior architecture. In the quantitative phase, a non-random snowball sampling method was used to recruit 12 experts in painting and architecture to assess the applicability of these components. Additionally, a purposive, criterion-based sampling strategy was applied to select nine architectural case studies reflecting Expressionist elements. The results indicate that the most defining attributes of Expressionist-inspired interior architecture include curved forms, exaggerated and distorted geometries, and a deliberate rejection of strict naturalism. These elements collectively contribute to an intense and emotive spatial experience, a defining trait of Expressionist aesthetics. Moreover, this study identifies several strategies for successfully integrating Expressionist principles into contemporary interior design. These strategies encompass the use of unconventional materials and textures, strategic lighting to evoke mood and intensity, and dynamic color schemes that enhance emotional impact. Another crucial aspect is the incorporation of fluid, organic forms into spatial layouts, reinforcing the movement’s opposition to rigid symmetry and conventional design norms. Expressionism, when applied to interior space design, serves as an artistic bridge connecting architecture with a profound exploration of human emotions—particularly awe, melancholy, and introspection—which directly influence spatial perception and experience. The movement’s impact extends beyond aesthetics, shaping immersive environments that challenge traditional perceptions and provoke emotional engagement. By examining and categorizing the fundamental principles of expressionism in interior architecture, this research contributes to a broader discourse on how artistic movements inform and transform spatial design. The methodology adopted in this study involved an extensive analysis of both historical and contemporary Expressionist works, evaluating their structural and decorative elements to assess their applicability in modern interior architecture. The findings underscore the importance of emotional depth and artistic intentionality in spatial design, advocating for a more expressive and individualized approach to interior architecture. Ultimately, this study provides valuable insights into the role of expressionism in shaping interior environments, offering designers and architects a framework for integrating its principles into their work. For instance, the incorporation of undulating walls and vivid, emotionally charged color palettes in projects such as the Hundertwasser House in Vienna exemplifies how Expressionist principles can create engaging and immersive spaces. This research highlights the continued relevance of historical artistic movements in contemporary design discourse, affirming that interior spaces can function as expressive canvases for creativity and emotional depth. By bridging the gap between Expressionism and interior architecture, this study underscores the movement’s lasting influence and presents innovative pathways for future design exploration.