Comparison of the effects of different doses of ketamine propofol on haemodynamic changes of the patients during induction of anesthesia

Background and The aim of this prospective, clinical trial study was to investigate whether the administration of different doses of ketamine before induction with propofol imporves its associated haemodynamic propofol during induction and tracheal intubation. One hundered and thirty adult patients ASA I were randomly allocated to one of six groups to receive either propofol 2 mg/kg (n= 23), propofol 1.75 mg/kg with ketamine 0.25 mg/kg (n=21), propofol 1.5 mg/kg with ketamine 0.5 mg/kg (n=20), propofol 1.25 mg/kg with ketamine 0.75 mg/kg (n=21), propofol 1 mg/kg with ketamine 1 mg/kg (n=24), and ketamine group alone 2 mg/kg (n=21). Ketamine was administered prior to induction with propofol, relaxant and tracheal intubaion. Systolic, diastolic pressure and heart rate were automatically recorded before induction (Baseline), immediately after induction, and 1, 5 and 10 min after tracheal intubation by Armita devices. Systolic, diastolic pressure and palse rate were not significantly different in different groups befor the induction. However theses difference were significant after the induction of anesthesia (P<0.001). The highest increase and decrease in blood pressure occurred in ketamine and propofol groups respectively. Haemodynamic stability was much better in patients anesthetized using propofol plus 0.5 to 0.75 mg/kg ketamine. We conclude that the addition of ketamine 0.5 and 0.75 mg/kg improves haemodynamics when compared to ketamine 2 mg/kg alone or propofol 2 mg/kg during induction of anesthesia.