Diagnostic Value of Fibrin/Fibrinogen Degradation Products and its Comparsion with Urine Cytology in the Diagnosis of Bladder Carcinoma

The bladder tumar is common in urinary system and its certain diagnostic method is cystoscopy that is a noninvasive method. In this study the sensitivity and specificity of the urinary FDP (Fibrin Degradation Products) in diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma of bladder was determined and compared with urine cytology during the course of the disease. In this evaluation study of diagnostic test, 60 cases with confirmed bladder carcinoma admitted to Rahnemoon Hospital in Yazd were included. Urine samples were collected before any intervention for cytologic examination and also for checking the FDP according to manufacturer's instruction (FDP Aurateck Kit). Patients were randomy divided into three groups based on the stages and grades of the disease. Sensitivity and specificity of each test was also determined. Sixty urine samples were evaluated. Thirty four patients were male and 26 were female. Mean age of patients was 62.3±11 years. Sensitivity of FDP and Cytology in patients with grade I was 63% and 8%, in grade II 64% and 28%, and in grade III and also IV 89% and 50% respectively. These values in patients with stage Ta were 64% and 34%, in stage T1 and T2 65% and 22% and in stage T3 and, T4 63% and 43% respectively. Overall, the sensitivity of FDP was 68% and for cytology was 38% (p<0.005). The positive predictive value for FDP was 100% and the negative predictive value was 30.4%. Our study showed that urinary FDP is a valuable diagnostic test which has greater sensitivity and specificity than cytology in bladder carcinoma and its accuracy is not affected by the stage and grade of the tumor.