Study of stereologic method in nephrotoxicity of cisplatin the anti-neoplastic drug in male rats

Background and Çisplatin is a drug which is used extensively for treatment of malignant tumors such as, ovarian, testicular and bladder cancers etc. Üsing of this drug due to it’s high side effects for different organs, particularly kidnies is limited. Since nephrotoxicity of this drug has been confirmed histopathologically and laboratory (increase in BÜM and serum creatinine level). Âim of this study is to introduce and apply stereologic technique in order to prove nephrotoxicity. Three groups of male rates were isolated randomly and were divided in three groups. To one group 7.5 mg/kg of dissolved cisplatin and to the control group same amount of the solution (normal saline) was injected intraperitonealy. The third group received 1.25 mg/kg of the drug chronic form for 5 days. To the animals of the first and second groups, 96 hours after injection and the third group, after the last injection were disected for kidney. The right kidnies were removed, weighed and kept in fixator. Âfter processing for microscopic preperation the size of kidney was estimated by cavaliei method (sterological technique). The results indicate that not only histopathologically cisplatin causes cellular damage mainly in proximal tubes of kidney on interstitial tissues but also microscopic observation and stereological technique show hypertrophy of all parts of the kidney which is clear indicator of damage to this organ. Though in chronic dose less damage is observed. Çonclusion: Therefore, application of stereological technique can be used as useful method for proving the mechanism of action of this drug, and when, even the other findings can not be that much helpful, this technique can be effective and efficient evidence in this particular case.