The General Policies of the Article 44 and Business Climate with Emphasis on Business

In order to achieve economic growth and development, given the dominant climate following the victory of Islamic Revolution, Article 44 of the Iranian Constitution has divided the economic system of the country into three sectors of public, cooperative and private. The rapid and wide economic changes in last decades and the experience with performance of the existing economic system have paved the way for reconsidering in the economic system of the country with emphasis on one of the general policies.Due to situations produced by a state-oriented economic system,productivity in both public and private sectors has substantially subsided. That is why privatization may not only be incapable of achieving economic efficiency along with social justice but also give rise to increase in economic growth, without considering its requirements. Thus, it is impossible to achieve the goals of general policies of Article 44 through focusing on privatization. To be able to do so, the key factor is empowering private and cooperative sectors as well as developing business climate with use of wide, easy, and increasing interactions in economic sectors.While reviewing various indicators for business climate, this paper concentrates on foreign trade indicator, presenting the reform of business climate as one of requirements for implementing thegeneral policies of Article 44 as well as for achieving the goals of these policies.