Genetical base of peroxisomal biogenesis

Peroxisomes are formed either from pre-existing peroxisomes or some endomembrane compartments through de novo pathway. Distinct steps of peroxisome biogenesis which are peroxisome membrane assembly, import of matrix proteins and peroxisome proliferation are conducted by peroxins. Among peroxins, Pex3p, Pex16p and Pex19p act in membrane biogenesis and Pex11p has a role in peroxisome proliferation. Moreover, import of peroxisomal matrix proteins require Pex5p and Pex7p which recognize PTS1- and PTS2- proteins in cytosol. Receptor docking occurs by Pex13p and Pex14p at the membrane of peroxisomes, then Pex2p, Pex10p, Pex12p cause translocation across the peroxisomal membrane and finally receptor recycling is mediated by Pex1p, Pex6p and Pex26p. Mutations in PEX genes encoding peroxins result in peroxisomal disorders which comprise a group of genetically and clinically diverse inborn errors of metabolism. The broadening opportunities for determining and sequencing of these genes is one frontier that remains to be explored and will benefit from ongoing researches