Kant's Humanistic Scientism and its Effects on his Ethical and Religious Theories

The author of this article believes that Kant’s view of knowledge, especially of empirical knowledge, and its progress, and his view of metaphysics and its critique had a great impact on later philosophers. Kant under the influence of empirical sciences suggests some criteria for certainty, such as the possibility of synthetic judgment, being experimental, limitation in experiment, etc. and consequently expels metaphysics and religion from the realm of definite knowledge. Kant, on the other hand, fulfills the idea of humanism. Therefore, the human being in his mentality is the pivot of the whole being and reality, who tries to create his own morality and religion, while deprived of any rational metaphysics. This process leads to a humanistic morality, in the service of human interests, and devoid of Divine values. The same happens to Kant’s religion, which is based on morality, and deprived of its Divine origin. This is exactly the humanization of Divine realities and the disenchantment of the world by Kant, which leads to relativism.