CONCEPTION AND NATURE OF GOVERNMENT IN THE POLITICAL THOUGHT OF SHAHID SADR (r.)

Allameh, martyr Sayed Mohammad Baqer-e- Sadr(r.) concludes three principles on the basis of belief in godliness,monotheism and the whole justice that are: absolute sovereignty of God on the world, The ruling laws on the Existence, and free will of men – as wise being- that their result is accept of khelafat and succession of man on behalf of God as natural and innate matter with religious accept and affirmation.Political aspect of this khelafat and succession is administration of public affairs or government that is not except safeguarding of public rights, dignities and public interests and also divine religion interests.Such a government is right of people and their responsibility as successor of God in the earth. Therefore he affirms the system of democracy or government by people,although basically he accepts the government of appointed imam on behalf of God on the basis chastity (esmat). Thus Sadr believes that in the age of absence of Imam-e-Asr(a.j.) government consists of two lines.The first is human khelafat (succession) with responsibility of form governmet branches, that is include legislative or lawmaker and adminsterative or executive branches.The second is testimony (shahaadat) of “a public Muslim religious authority” or” a grand ayatollah(Marjae faghihe aam) with responsibility of religious supervising on the governmet and express of religious edicts and judgement. Such a combinational governmet is named islamic republic.