Urinary tracts hereditary abnormalities

The true incidence of renal hereditary diseases and urinary tract anomalies is difficult to ascertain. The incidence is estimated to be 3-6 in 100000 live births. Infant deaths from genitourinary anomalies are estimated to be approximately 6.3% of all causes of infant mortality. The first step to approach to a child with urinary tract anomaly is to make a specific diagnosis based on history taking and physical examination. Chromosomal abnormalities are found in approximately 10-20% of all renal anomalies. The first and the best way to evaluation of kidney and urinary tract anomalies is ultrasonography. Other laboratory and imaging methods like as voiding cystourethrography, isotope scans, intravenous urography and biochemistry and genetic testes would be useful after ultrasonography. The genetic consult is necessary in every child with renal and urinary tract anomalies. The hereditary diseases of the kidney are renal anomalies, hereditary syndromes and associations and hereditary tubular and glomerular diseases which are going to be discussed in this article.