Soul-Body Relation in Mullā Ṣadrā's Anthropology

Does Mullā Ṣadrā conside soul and body as two distinct entities, forced to coexist without any commonality, or he thinks of them as cooperating in a natural way? To answer this question, one has to first determine whether Mullā Ṣadrā is a dualist in his anthropology, like Plato and Descartes, or he is a monist, like physicalists, or he is a gradationalist. If the first option is proved to be true, then a discussion of the relation between soul and body, in its classical sense, would be meaningful, but if the second option is true, the conversation would take another form.Mullā Ṣadrā’s words are different in this regard. The author studies all possibilities on the basis of Mullā Ṣadrā’s works, and comes up with the conclusion that only one option is plausible. Soul-body relation should be explained in the light of the principle of the gradation of existence, according to which, the superior level contains all the inferior levels.