Intelligene Quotient in Patients with Congenital Strabismus

To evaluate intelligene quotient (IQ) in patients with congenital strabismus scheduled for surgery at Labbafinejad Medical Center. All patients with congenital strabismus scheduled for surgery were enrolled consequtively over a one year period in a cross sectional study and were evaluated for verbal, performance and total IQ, and compared with normal population whose mean IQ is 100± 15. During the study period, 109 patients with a mean age of 18.4 ± 10.5 years (range: 4-63 years) were included. Educational status in most patients (%80) was less than high-school diploma. Most patients (%79.8) lived in urban areas, 46 patients (%42.2) had some degrees of unilateral or bilateral amblyopia. Mean verbal IQ was 87.2± 19.6 (range 45-127), performance IQ was 81± 15.5 (range 44-111) and total IQ was 83.5±18.3 (range 40-120).Total IQ was lower in comparison with normal population (P<0.01) and was significantly higher in urban residents as compared to rural residents (85.1± 19.5 versus 77.3± 10.8, P=0.016).Patients with non educated parents and with coexisting amblyopia had lower IQ levels. Total IQ was higher in myopes than emmetropes and both had better IQ levels than hyperopes. IQ was betters with vertical deviations and was higher in ETs than XTs, however, these comparisons were not statistically significant (All Ps> 0.05). Patients with congenital strabisumus assessed in this study had lower mean IQ than normal. The reason may be genetic background or acquired causes secondary to strabismus.