The Conceptual Change of the Relation between Subject and Politics in the Political Thought of the 20th Century

The study of relation between man and politics is one of the main apprehensions in political philosophy. The literature of subject in general and political subject in particular embraces a broad range in social science and humanity, but how the subject turns into political subject in this literature particularly the 20th century literature is important. In this article we deal with political subject or the political area of subject and its meaning and concept change. A political and philosophical image of the subject that points to the relation between man and politics: the fact that the human person, that is, the Descartes and Kant subject, alienated with regard to his or her identity by absolute things such as power, technology, patriarchy, media and so on. This issue processed by different schools tends to answer the question that how and through what mechanisms in 20th century and afterwards specifically after September 11, 2001, the human subject has turned into political subject that viewpoints of schools and thinkers such as Anarchists, Feminists, Existentialists, Focault, Marcuse, Lukach, Althusser and Baudrillard are examined on this basis? In fact, the aim of this essay is to understand the political thoughts in this context.