Symptoms and complications of 100 cases of basal cranium fractures and its 6-month follow-up

History and Head traumas are the main causative factor of mortality in human society and its most critical form is the fracture of basal cranium. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the symptoms and complications of 100 cases of basal cranium fractures and its 6-month follow-up in Rahnemoun hospital in Yazd in 1997. The descriptive and cross-sectional protocol of this study was carried out on selected patients. In this respect, history taking, clinical examinations, radiographic evaluation and computer-assisted tomography without contrast was performed. Then, they were followed up for a 6-month period with monthly examination. Treatment results, especially the occurrence of meningitis (Through LP) and the role of cranial nerves were analyzed statistically using McNemar test. The most frequent occurrence was that from male patients with an age range of 10-29 years (26%), the most common causative factor was that from motorcycle accidents (45%), the most frequent complaint was nose bleeding (60%), the most common cranial nerve damage was those from 8th (35%) and 1st nerve. After a 6-month follow-up, there was an involvement rate of 21.7% for 8th nerve and the best treatment result was for 1st nerve (26.5%) (P<0.001). In addition, 4% out of the patients was afflicted with meningitis.Conclusion and Recommendations: Since there is little complications for meningitis and there is no indication for antibiotic administration for fractures of basal cranium, therefore, it is recommended to design and conduct an experimental study in this field.