A Glance at the Reasons behind Literary Restoration from the Point of View of Foucault's Discourse Theory

One of the most controversial issues in Literary History books is the formation of Restoration in literature; a literary school which, according to many experts, kept Persian poetry away from its revolutionary movement for a time. The interest of Qajar kings in the royal customs of Qaznavi and Samani reigns, the peaceful society of Iran during the Zand period and the period after that, the unpopularity of the Indian Style, the efforts made to rid poetry of decadence, etc, are reasons presented by researchers for the formation of this literary style. The writers of this article are of the opinion that it is possible to view this subject from another perspective (the Foucauldian discourse theory) and state it in some other way. In their opinion if we are of this belief that the Restoration period is a part of pre-modern discourse, then we have to admit that history (as one of the discursive aspects of pre-modern discourse) has no developmental meaning and its movement is periodic and circular; that is because the discursive aspect of history in this discourse is against the modern discourse which has a linear and developmental movement. Such a discourse and discursive aspect is based on returning to the origins, which is the very same thing that the poets of the Restoration Period did by returning to the style of the poets of the Iraqi Period (in Sonnet) and the Khorasani Period (in Ode).