Political-Social Role of Ash ar Tribe in the Beginning of Islam Development

The quality of political-social life of Arab tribes in Arabia Peninsula is considered to be the basis of Arabs historiography in the pre-Islamic and Islamic periods. Topics studied in this essay are what where Arabs tribes reactions to a quake event such as appearance of Islam and were the outcomes of these reactions. Ash’ar tribe, as a tribe of southern part of Yamen, has left an everlasting fame of itself in events of before and after Islam such as: taking part in Fill (Elephant) event, playing a dynamic role in the trade of southern road, commercial and economical association with Mecca. What is unique about the tribe is anticipation in excepting Islam, the story of their present in emigration to Abyssinia (Ethiopia) and then their turning away from Islam after death of the Prophet (p.b.u.h) and becoming polytheist. What is very important about this tribe is the role of Abu Mousa Ash’ari, one of the most famous figures of southern Arabs, in the process of after formation of the Caliphate.This research, based on library method tries, according to documents, put light on some of the Ash’ar’s tribe motivations in these events.