Mohammad Ghonaimi Hellal and his position in Comparative Arabic Literature

The comparative literature is a science that persues relationship between the different nation's literature during various historical periods in a variety of subjects including: hackwork sorts academies, schools, objects, pulchritudinous issues of hackworks and so on. This literary branch was established by Wilmain in the early 20th century in France. Arabic literature got acquainted with comparative literature after the Napoleon's attack to Egypt and getting familiar to occident's culture and literature. Comparative works in Egypt commenced with Refaeh Tahtavei, Ali Mobarak, Sheikh Hosain Morsefi and etc. Then some people like Najib Haddad, Rouhi Khaledi, Khalil Hendavi and Fakhri Abolsaoud were involved in this field. Later, Abdol Razagh Hamideh, Ibrahim Salameh and Najib Aghighi compiled hackworks entitled “Adab Al Mogharen”, although none of them were tenacious according to the proper principles and doctorines of comparative literature. Therefore, Arab comparative literature correlates with Ghonaimi Helal's designation. Mohammad Ghonaimi Helal was born in 1916 in Egypt. He finished his primary educations in his hometown and then in Cairo. In 1945, he was off to France for learning Comparative Literature. And in 1952, he returned to Egypt whereas he got his Doctorate Certificate in comparative literature and began to teach this major at Egyptian universities. He compiled “Al adab al Mogharen” book in 1953 and was reputable as the founder of comparative literature. He was influenced by his French professors: Van Tieghem and Guyard, while essaying his book in this field. It is noted that he based his book completely concordant with, the proper principles of comparative literature. He also compiled other works and did a great job for prospering Arabic Literature in academic cycles. His impact on the others is divided into two subgroups: first, his influence on his pupils and their works; second the impact of his subjective-comparative essays on the posterities.