Policy Making for R&D Centers According to Idea-to-Market Process; Case Study: Iran Petroleum Industry

Nowadays, R&D is becoming one of the most important pillars of corporations. But there are several different and diverse approaches regarding the structure and position of R&D department in corporations. Most of the large companies have in-house R&D department. Except corporate R&Ds, independent research and development organizations have been established in many countries to promote scientific and technological capabilities. Each of these two types of research and development organizations has a special mission and making policies for them requires a particular process. The aim of this paper is to do policy-making for research and development organizations according to idea to-market-process. For this purpose, first, the elements of idea-to-market process and then the types of research and development organizations, including corporate and non corporate are described. Then different types of structures of corporate R&D (in large organization) will be defined and policies for the duties and nature of their activities in centralized and decentralized sectors of corporate R&D (in hybrid R&D structures) based on the elements of the idea-to-market process are discussed.Next, the proposed principles for the oil industry as the country's largest industry, which has several research and development departments as a case study, have been applied and finally suggestions for improving research and development in the petroleum industry are presented.