A study of relationship between some important agronomic trait soybean using multivariate statistical methods.

This research was conducted in order to have genetic evaluation of some important agronomic traits as related to seed yield، using 20 soybean varieties in randomized complete block design with three replicates at Agricultural Experiment station، college of Agriculture، karaj.، Iran. A total 20 traits related to vegetative and reproductive growth and yield component were analysied. Analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences among varieties in terms of traits under study، indicating the existence of genetic variation among varieties. Duration of seed filling and pod length had highest and yield had the lowest broad sense. Among the desired traits، 100-seed weight، number of seed / plant and number of seeds/pod، all of which are considered yield component، had the highest correlantion with plant yield. Using multiple linear regression model for 20 traits under study، showed 93% of total variation in yield plants، were attributed to three traits: Namely 100 seed weight، number seed/plant and seed width. Result of path analysis showed the highest and the lowest direct effect، being positive، were related to number of seed/plant and seed width، respectively. Results of factor analysis showed the important factor، called yield component. This factor explained 17/3% of total variation in data.