Cultural, Mechanical and Chemical Weeds Control in Canola

Two field trials conducted to investigate chemical and mechanical methods of weed control in canola (Brassica napus L.). Under MAKHAR (i.e.Irrigation for suitable tillage condition) and no MAKHAR conditions. Experiments with split block and 4 replications were used in Shavoor station in 2001-2003. Main plots of the two experiments were showel cultivator and non-cultivator and hand weeded. Sub plots were trifluraline herbicide (2 l/h), ethalfluralin herbicide (3 l/h) and no herbicide treatments. The results showed that the highest dry weight and the lowest of both two experiments obtained from no cultivator and no herbicide treatments, which showed significant differences. The highest yield was obtained from hand weeded plus herbicide treatment and also from cultivator plus herbicide tratment. These results showed that if herbicide is used in canola, the crop will grow rapidly as a result of weed control and approperate air flow in soil and it will over come the remaining weeds and high yield will be obtained. Either of the two herbicides (trifluraline and ethalfluralin) showed the same effect on weed control by itself during the two years of experiments, but in the second year when it associated which cultivator, trifluraline showed higher yield than ethalfluralin.The use of trifluraline and ethalfluralin by itself could not control Sinapis arvensis, Silybum marianum and Malva rotundifolia and the used of cultivator by itself could not control weeds as a result of observing weeds remaining on rows. The results of this study demonstrated that by using herbicides such as trifluraline and ethalfluralin plus cultivator we are able to control weeds. A comparison between the two experiments showed that under MAKHAR condition, the yield of canola and dry weight of weeds were higher and lower than no MAKHAR respectively. These results showed that pre-cultivation MAKHAR could decrease weed growth and consequently increases yield.