A Model of Floods Estimation in Northern Slope Basins of Central Alborz Using Quantitative Geomorphologic Characteristics and GIS

A thorough knowledge of the geomorphologic factors is one of the main prerequisites of controlling floods and their damage reduction. In this study, to find the best model for peak discharge estimation with return period in northern slopes of central Alborz we estimated quantitative geomorphic characteristic of this basin. For this purpose, using data of regional hydrometric stations, peak discharge data of floods were extracted and their return period was estimated using Smada software. In the next stage, quantitative geomorphic characteristics such as area, perimeter, length of main channel, mean slope of basin and elevation were calculated using GIS. Then using multiple regression method, the relation between peaks of discharge data with basin characteristic was analyzed through SPSS software. Our analysis shows that among various independent factors, area, length of basin and all have significant effect and should be considered in a realistic model.