Leptin and Fertility

Leptin, the adipocyte-derived hormone that plays a key role in energy and body weight homeostasis, has recently known as a mediator in the reproductive system. Leptin acts as a link between fat tissue and reproduction in human and is a signal which transmits the information to the brain; where is adequate fat in stores to cover the energy requirements of reproduction. Leptin acts on reproductive system at multiple levels including hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. It influences puberty, mensturation, pregnancy, and lactation. The nutritional suboptimal conditions such as eating disorders and obesity can influence serum leptin levels and are associated with some reproductive system disorders such as amenorrhea and polycystic ovarian syndrome. Future studies are expected to clarify the exact role of leptin in human reproductive physiology and pathophysiology.