The effect of different levels of phosphorus fertilizer together with phosphate bio-fertilizer (Barvar 2) on yield, essential oil amount and chamazulene percentage of Matricaria recutita L

In order to study the effect of triple super phosphate (in three levels of 0, 50 and 80 kilograms of pure phosphorus per hectare) with or without phosphorus bio-fertilizer (Barvar 2) on yield and essential oil production of Matricaria recutita L., an experiment was conducted in a factorial design based on randomized complete blocks with three replications at research farm of Shahed University in Tehran, 2008. In this experiment, phonologic attributes (the time of appearance of the first bud and flower, number of flowers, fresh weight of flowers) and physiologic attributes (amount of essential oil and percentage of chamazulene) were studied. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the level of 1% among the treatments of phosphorus fertilizer with a view to yield (number of flowers and dry weight of flower) and the amount of 40 Kg phosphorus together with bio-fertilizer with production of 452.93 flowers and 7.74 grams of dry flower had the highest yield as compared with the other fertilizer treatments. Also the treatment of 40 kilograms of phosphorus together with bio-fertilizer with production of 0.53 milliliter essential oil and 15.81 percent chamazulene (effective ingredient) from 152/52 gr-1 m2 of dry flower had the highest yield of essential oil and chamazulene percentage. According to the results applying of 40 kilograms of phosphorus per hectare together with 80 kilograms of nitrogen with seeds inoculated by phosphorus biologic fertilizer of Barvar 2 is recommended.