Ethics, ethical conscience, and religion from the Islamic thinker's viewpoint

In different schools of thought, there are various theories and definition for ethics. In theObligation school, an ethical act is the one without any intention that is only caused by the obligation, and the objective of the act is only accomplishment of the obligation. The other theory regarding the ethical conscience is the dominant theory of materialists, which indicates that ethics originates from the human’s prudent thought. It is advised for human being to respect other people. The main problem of this theory is that such ethical approach can be dominated only where the powers are equal. However, if one side is powerful and the other side is weak, no factor or power can invite the powerful side t observe ethics. Another theory in this regard is based upon balance. According to this theory, good act or ethical act is beautiful, and the basis of such beauty is the balance. Among these, the attitude of Islam toward ethical act is noteworthy. Basically, in Islam, the real rights of all individuals should be observed without any exception. Thus, in Islam it is stated that the truth requirements should be observed rather than the emotions requirements. In other words, according to Holy Quran, the real rights of all individuals in a community should be observed without any exception, and the measure for these rights is the religion, which originates from the general force and overall requirement of the Creation.