Measurement of Human Progesterone Receptor A Gene Expression in Normal and Breast Cancer Tissue using Real-Time PCR Technique

The improvement of knowledge in the field of molecular genetics and diagnostics of breast cancer can help us better to understand the biological process that leads a normal breast cell to be transformed into a malignant one with invasive and metastatic confidants. The aim of this study was to introduce the Relative Quantitative Real-time PCR technique based on sybr green dye for relative quantification of progesterone receptor A (PR-A) gene expression in normal and malignant neoplasia in human breast tissue. 20 malignant samples (Grad 2) and 10 normal samples of human breast tissue were collected before treatment and without contamination. After RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, PR-A and GAPDH genes for measurement of relative quantification were amplified by Real-time PCR according to the standard method. The obtained Ct value were analyzed by SDS version 1.4 software, GLM program and T-test student procedure were performed in SAS version 9.1 software to determine statistical significance. PR-A gene can be expressed as in both normal and malignant breast tissue but expression of PR-A gene in malignant breast tissue was over expressed than normal cases (p≤0/05). The statistical significance difference test for comparing of PR-A gene expression in malignant breast tissue to the mean of normal samples showed an increased in 70 percent of samples. Also there was no significant correlation between over expression of PR-A gene and marital status and menopause (p ≤0.05). Furthermore, results indicated a linear correlation was between expression of PR-A gene and the age of cancer patients (p ≤0.05). PR-A gene can be used as a biomarker for prognosis, screening and diagnosis of malignant patients against normal persons at the beginning stages of breast cancer.