مجله پژوهش های انتظامی - اجتماعی زنان و خانواده
سال سوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 4، بهار و تابستان 1394)

Women’s fears in public accompany special consequences, which can be classified form personal habits to social and restrictive behaviors. Although, there is no congruence between the women’s fears and the objective status, which opposes them, the relationship between these two factors is still under question. The consequences of fear are serious and restrictive for women. The objective of the present study was evaluating the women’s experience and their strategies in facing fear and phobia. The present study was a qualitative research the data of which were obtained using 46 semi-structured interviews. The women’s fear can be classified into three categories, including case fears, fear of sexual harassment and fear of males’ ruling. The women’s strategies in facing fear can be classified into innovative – active behavior or passive- reactive behavior. For every one of these fears, women use unique strategies. In innovative – active behavior, women try to manage their fears and face the fears logically, in so doing they make use of all their resources. In passive behavior, women make use of strategies like silence, surrender, seclusion, prudence and change in personal habits. Since the participants were selected non-randomly, the results of this study are not generalizable at all.

Feeling secure has always been a matter of importance for human being. Feeling secure is a social- psychological phenomenon and is multidimensional. A number of studies have investigated the relationship between security and different variables. In the present study, the relationship between security, piousness and mental health with job satisfaction was investigated. The present study was correlational. To this end, 195 women employed in questionnaires. The obtained data from 181 questionnaires were analyzed using t-test, Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Regression. SPSS was used for this purpose. It was found that there is a significant relationship between feeling secure, piousness, mental health and women’s job satisfaction. The difference between feeling secure, mental health, and job satisfaction of women was significant in terms of marital status and job experience. No significant relationship was observed between piousness of the participants. The results of the Regression also showed that mental health and feeling secure predict the job satisfaction of women, respectively. Nowadays, employment of women is interwoven with the social and personal security of women. Therefore, every related issue is studied in terms of social security and psychological and sociological aspects. Security of women in society shows high levels of social security and also it shows the attempt that police makes to keep the society secure.

Aggression is a behavioral problem the purpose of which is harming the person and others. The purpose of the present research was investigating the cognitive- behavioral training on mental health, life quality and aggression of the women who had been exposed to family aggression. From among the women who had been exposed to family aggression in Tehran, 60 were selected through convenient sampling, and were assigned to experimental and control groups. The participants in experimental group were exposed to group cognitive-behavioral training program for 8 sessions. The participants were given some questionnaires before and after the treatment, including: aggression questionnaire, general health and short-form of life quality scale. Repeated measure covariance was used to analyze the data. The findings approved the three hypotheses of the study. To put it differently, behavioral-cognitive training led to a reduction in aggression, enhancement of mental health, and improving life quality of aggressive women. Significant differences were observed. In general, it can be concluded that cognitive-behavioral training can reduce aggression, enhance life quality and mental health of aggressive women. Accordingly, this training program is suggested for women who have experienced conflict.

Suicide is an intentional way to end the person’s life, which has been the focus of attention of thinkers in terms of social, political, cultural and economic aspects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between physical image and seeking excitement with a tendency towards suicide among the female high school students in the city of Arak. This is a descriptive and correlational study. The participants were girl students at the female high schools in Arak, who were studying during the year 1393-94. A sample of 150 was selected through stratified random sampling. The instruments included Back suicide, Zakerman excitement fifth form and Fishers physical image questioner. The obtained data were analyzed using Pearson Product moment correlation and Regression. The results show that there is a significant negative correlation between physical image and the tendency to commit suicide. Physical self image less likely leads to a tendency towards suicide and vice-versa. However, there was a significant positive correlation between excitement and tendency to suicide among adolescent girls. Therefore, the girls who seek excitement more likely embark on suicide. The result showed that lack of satisfaction with physical image and seeking excitement among girl adolescents more likely leads to committing suicide. Counselors and mental health experts should pay more attention to the psychological aspects of physical among and excitement among the girl students.

Nowadays, divorce and marital conflicts are considered as the main threats for a lot of inefficiency and mental pathology, and marital inefficiency has become an important issue in family and society. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the efficiency of the marital empowering program on reducing marital problems and in efficient impulsivity of the couples who were about to getting divorced. The present study made use of a pre-test, post-test control group quasiexperimental design. To this end, from among the couples referring to the counseling offices of Khorram Abad, 26 couples were selected randomly and they were assigned to control and experimental groups. At the outset of the study, Gloumbook- Rust’s marital status questionnaire, and Dickman’s inefficient impulsivity questionnaire were distributed among the participants. Then, the couples in experimental group were exposed to the empowering program for six sessions, while the couples in the control group received no treatment. After the treatment, the participants of the two groups were asked to fill in the two questionnaires. Covariance was used to analyze the gathered data. The results showed a significant difference between the performance of the two groups in the post-test. It was found that the program had reduced the marital problems and inefficient impulsivity of the couples in the experimental group. The couples who have faced the problem of inefficient marital problems are exposed to the threat of divorce and other social and family problems, the marital empowering program can be effective in reducing marital problems and reducing inefficient impulsivity of the couples.

Modernism is completely combined with other social areas. Due to the crucial role of family in breeding future generation, there is much challenge on “shoulds” and “shouldn’ts” of modernism. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between, modernism and social capital of families in Sanandaj. It was an applied survey. The sample included 280 people who were chosen from families living in Sanandaj. Questionnaire and document analysis were used to gather the needed data. Some criteria were observed in order to investigate relationships. These criteria included: equity biases, independence seeking, scientific, public, improvement, civic and democratic. It was found that with increase in equity biases, independence seeking, public, improvement and civic, the social capital of families decreases. Modernism in families reduces social capitals, of course it should be noted that the families in Sanandj are not chuting, but they are passing through modernism.