مجله تحقیقات سلامت در جامعه
سال یکم شماره 3 (پاییز 1394)

Recently contact with bioaerosols has been presented as an important problem which endangers human being’s health. The aim of this investigation is to compare potential of separation of fungal aerosols in the air around Tehran’s Milad hospital, blood transfusion organization and waste water treatment plant of Tehran’s Shahrake Ghods. this cross-sectional investigation was done in Milad hospital, blood transfusion organization and Tehran’s Shahrake Ghods waste water treatment plant within for 4 months. The sampling was done passively for 1 hour and once in 6 days. The culture medium was Sabouraud dextrose agar. comparing selected sampling stations the most fungal density was for 100 meters after the last unit of waste water treatment plant (67 CFU) and the least density was for Milad hospital (30 CFU). Dominant genera of fungal in waste water treatment plant and blood transfusion organization was related to Cladosporium (in order of 49% and 84%) and in air around Milad hospital was related to Alternaria (47%). according to the results processing and operating sections in waste water treatment plant can be effective in fungal density and separation of bioaerosols. Therefore it seems to be vital that the responsible organizations should do necessary actions to develop guidelines and standards related to bioaerosols. Also appropriate administration of environmental health in waste water treatment plant can be an important factor in reduction of aerosol separation.

The musculoskeletal disorders consist dominate part of occupational disease. Work with Portable Computer also can became one of the predominant cause of the musculoskeletal disorders. Therefore aim of this study was assessment of musculoskeletal disorders prevalence rate among portable computer using students and assessment of pain rate in different body regions and identify of more exposed organs. This was a cross – sectional expression study that carry out on total students of the Qazvin Health collage (184 persons).To determine the prevalence of disorder from repetitive movements of the different organs of the body was used of kernel questionnaire as well as computer related musculoskeletal disorders questionnaire was used. Based on computer related musculoskeletal disorders questionnaire, most people felt pain in the right shoulder (23.9). Based on kernel questionnaires Upper arm, right neck, right hip and lower extremities, respectively, with 2/29% 3/30%, 2/8% have most pain. Less using of tables and chairs for working with laptop is a common ergonomics problem among students. The use of tables and chairs for work with laptop and a using of external keyboard to reduce stress on the was proposed.

Introduction & Radiation had been as a continuous and constant hazard in modern medicine which there is no doubt about its harmful effects. The purpose of this study of knowledge, attitude and practice of Radiation worker Khuzestan province towards radiation Protection And provide controlling solutions. This is a cross-sectional and descriptive analytical study was conducted in Imaging Centers of Khuzestan province in2013. research material contain three questionnaire (Demographic, Knowledge, attitude and practice in radiation protection and open-ended questionnaire), sampling method was Cluster – randomized which After distributing the questionnaires and data collection were analyzed by Using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation test (SPSS16). Range of age workers was 21-55year with mean 33/92years also. Also not fund a significant relationship Between age, gender, work experience, with knowledge, practice and attitude(P>.05), But between participate in training classes with the knowledge, practice and attitude found positive and significant relationship(p<0.05). Rate of Knowledge and performance the workers Khuzestan province is moderate but is lower than in other studies extraterritorial however the attitude of the workers is desirable. Also the results of this study showed that Target population has Willingness to attend training classes and training and attend training classes can be an effective factor to raise awareness, attitude and practices for radiologists.

work with visual terminals maximum time allocated to work in these jobs. Due to the high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in the visual terminal users, the ergonomic risk in the workplace, using rapid assessment and rapid assessment of of upper limb tension Was investigated. This descriptive-analytic study done in 2014 year in Telecom Qom province. In this study the entire participants were 45 people that worked in two morning and evening shift. For gathering information we use observation method and interview method and RULA and ROSA method. Data analysis done with Pearson test and ANOVA test. Definitive level of risk score in ROSA method found that 15.2 percent (n=7) were in low risk level (score less than 3) 26.1percent (n=12) in the alert level (between 3 and 5score) 56.5 percent (n=26) were in necessary intervention ergonomic (rating of 5). The result of RULA method showed that 24 participant (53.3%) of computer users were in intermediate level (level 2), 12(26.7%) in the high level (level3) and 9(20%) were located in very high level (level4). Due to the lack of similar studies in the country in this regard is hoped that in future studies the relationship between the results of this method with other assessment methods to be studied and analyzed.

According the importance of MRI in the treatment process and the high cost of buying and maintaining it for centers and high cost for patients, this study aimed to determine the appropriate Services MRI provided in a hospital in Shiraz and the cost of per serving that are inappropriate to use the data for reduce unnecessary Prescription MRI.This cross-sectional study is done in March 2015 at a hospital in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. To collect information. all services performed Divided by region and type of MRI were extracted from HIS system. In this study, was evaluated. To estimate the cost of unnecessary items used the Vice Chancellery of clinical affairs report in 2013. The data were analyzed using in spss software.The results showed that during this period of time, 2105 number of people used of this Services. that 517 patients (24%) as a result of normal, and 1588 patients (76%) were abnormal. The cost of the unnecessary items was estimated at 609180000 riyals. Due to the catastrophic costs of the service, which was entered on the patient and the insurance can be Identify affecting factors in use of these services, in order to receive to better use and avoid the increasing use of this service.

Background and Investigation of water quality is an important step for the suitable use of water resources in order to drinking and irrigation. Water quality affects agriculture programming. Hence the need of the study of water quality is strongly considered in the water resources management. In this study Hydro-geochemical quality of ground water resources in the Ramian city -Golestan province has been studied for drinking and agriculture purpose. For this purpose, 15 qualitative characteristics of the 13 wells of Golestan province in two dry and wet seasons in 2011-2012 were analyzed by Aua Chem and Aq-qa. The results showed that the ground water in the study area is classified in hard and very hard water. The original cations and anions in water are Ca2+> Mg2+> Na+ and HCO3-> Cl-> SO42-. Based on hydro-chemical diagram the dominant of water type is classified as Ca-HCO3. Salinity index of water indicated that more samples in two seasons are in the middle class. According to Schuler and Wilcox groundwater quality index, they are moderate suitable for agricultural and drinking consumption and in for agricultural purpose and 77% cases are in C3-S1 category. The results show that too much salt is one of the most important problems of water supply in the Ramian city for irrigation. This reduced plant growth or even stops the growth of some plant. If water resources in this area do not manage, after shortly time the soil will be suffered and polluted.

Introduction & Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and computer work are common in majority of the society and both show an increasing trend. This study was conducted to survey on Somatic disorders، MSDs frequency and ergonomic considerations awareness regarding computer use among the employees of Babol University of Medical Sciences (North of Iran). This cross-sectional study was conducted on 128 administrative staff of medical، dental and paramedical faculties in 2012. The samples were collected by simple method; the data were gathered by means of a tailor-made data collection sheet that consisted of 5 open and 13 closed-ended questions. The data were analyzed with descriptive and analytical statistical indexes. According to our data، the mean age of employees was 38. 16±7. 78 years، 55. 5% were females and 63. 3% were in bachelor’s degree. More than fifty percent of the samples spend 2 hours or more on their computer a day. Seventy two percent of the staff reported experiencing one or more MSDs symptoms and less than 10% of them were aware of ergonomic considerations in this regard. Chi-square test result showed that a significant statistical difference between MSDs with duration of using computer. (p<0. 05) Our results indicated that more than fifty percent of the administrative staff complains of MSDs، most of them were unaware of ergonomics considerations، and many of the employees were eager to learn about the related subject. So، ergonomic interventions and training courses to prevent MSDs are recommended.

Introduction and goal: Religiosity and spirituality decreasesof the impact of life stress on the tendency to substance use. Everyday addedto the number of people who believe that spirituality is the way to treat neuroses and mental problems. This study aimed to determine the relationship between spiritual health and mental health in patients undergoing to methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) dependent on the private and government sector in Sari. This study was cross- sectional study. The target populations of this study were 123 women and men undergoing to methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). The data collected by spiritual and mental health questionnaire and were analyzed using two-sample t-test and spearman correlationin theSPSS (18) software. The grade average of spiritual health was 43/29 and mental health was 41/26. The results showed that a significant correlation between spiritual health with mental health. The highest correlation was between spiritual healthwith the social function and the lowestcorrelation was with physical problems. There was no significant relationshipbetween of marital status، number of children، sex and spiritual health. According to positive and significant role spiritual health in mental health، so، strengthen the spiritual dimension can to promote mental health and reduce mental disorders and the tendency to addiction.