مجله تحقیقات سلامت در جامعه
سال یکم شماره 2 (تابستان 1394)

Application of modified red mud for adsorption of Acid Orang 7 (AO7) dye from aqueous solution: Isotherms، Kinetics studies Abstract: Backgroud: Existence of color is one of the problems of industrial effluent such as textile industries. The dyes can be removed by various methods. Therefore، the aim of this study is evaluation of adsorption rate of acid orange (AO7) from aqueous solution by activated red mud. This is an empirical lab study. Red mud was used as an absorbent to remove of acid orange 7 dye. The effect of various parameters on performance of absorbent was investigated and the isotherms and kinetics of adsorption was determined. The dye concentration was measured in wavelength of 452 nm by spectrophotometer. The results showed that red mud surface area is 30 m2/g. The results showed that dye removal was highest at a solution pH 3 and a powder dose of 12 g/L. The AO7 removal percentage decreased from %98 to %55 at 60 min contact time when the concentration of dye was increased from 10 mg/L to 100 mg/L. The equilibrium data is best fitted on Langmuir isotherm and the adsorption kinetic model follows pseudo-second model. The results of this study showed that red mud is able to adsorption of dye and can be used as effective and inexpensive absorbent to treat of textile effluent.

Introduction & Cognitive-behavioral stress management therapy refers to a family of stress management interventions that are based on cognitive-behavioral approach. The stress management increases the ability of people to reduce stress and cope with stress-eliciting situations. The present study tries to explain the effectiveness of group-based stress management cognitive-behavioral therapy in the improvement of life quality among the women whose husbands take methadone in their treatments. The present study is a semi-empirical intervention that uses a pre- and- post- test design with a control group. The statistical universe in the present study consisted of all the women whose husbands were receiving methadone treatment in Tasmim Addiction Treatment Center in Khoramabad City in 2013. Among the women who came to this center to take weekly classes for instructions useful in family interactions, 24 were selected on the basis of availability sampling and in accordance with the criteria assumed in this study, that is, the women who had the lowest scores on the scale of life quality. They were randomly assigned to the experimental group (N=12) and the control group (N=12). The instrument used in this study was the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL), 1996, which was completed by subjects in two per-test and post- test phases. The project (the stress management cognitive-behavioral therapy) was implemented on the basis of the Antony et al Manual in ten two-hour sessions with a group technique and with an interval of one session per week for the participants in the experimental group, without any intervention for the control group. At the end of therapeutic sessions, the two groups were again evaluated (the post- test phase). The data of the present study were analyzed by means of the univariate covariance analysis test (ANCOVA) and the statistical software SPSS18. Results indicated that the life quality mean scores of the experimental group were significantly greater than those of the control group. In other words, the stress management cognitive-behavioral therapy improved the life quality of the women in the group under treatment. Given the results of the present study, the stress management cognitive-behavioral therapy can be used as a selective therapeutic technique for the promotion of life quality among the wives of addicts.

Introduction and Diabetes is a very important health problem and is the most common chronic metabolic disease in the world. With regard to this problem, self-care programs are suggested to improve care and life quality of diabetic patients. This study aims to determine the effect of training on self-care promotion of type 2 diabetic patients in rural health centers of Noor, Iran. This experimental study was conducted on 200 type 2 diabetic patients. The participants were divided into case and control groups. The data were collected using a self-care questionnaire, which included items on physical exercise, foot care, drug consumption and insulin injection. At first, the data were collected in a pre-test and then, an integrated training intervention was performed. The post-test was conducted eight weeks following the intervention. The data were analyzed using SPSS, version 20. The mean score of knowledge was 2.944 in the case group and 2.244 in the control group. In addition, a significant relationship was found between the demographic characteristics (i.e., age, gender and level of education) and self-care promotion in the two groups, and no significant correlation was found between job and self-care promotion. This study indicates the importance of continuous and integrated training on type 2 diabetes self-care. Therefore, it seems necessary for patients to participate in training programs to increase their awareness and to improve their attitude and performance.

job satisfaction is defined as individual’s interest rate to their jobs. One of the aspects of that job satisfaction is also ignore, its relationship with the staff's health. The current index system study evaluated job satisfaction in the industrial slaughterhouse workers of a company in one of the provinces of the North of Iran and reviews their general wellness, the relationship between job satisfactions with the level of public wellness examined the data. A number of 85 people were selected randomly in this descriptive cross-sectional study at slaughterhouses in the year 1393. To check the public wellness of the GHQ-28 questionnaire and to check the index of job satisfaction JDI questionnaire was used. In order to analyze the results of the methods of descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, and frequency), Pearson correlation coefficient and t-test is used. In this study, SPSS software was used for statistical analysis (V 20). The results indicated that, none of workers’ public wellness was entitled to favorable and average total job satisfaction index has been down the workers. Between job satisfaction and public wellness of workers, a significant correlation has been seen. As well as between the average jobs satisfaction in both men and women, married and unmarried, and in both groups showed significant differences existed. According to the results of the recommended guidelines for public wellness of workers increase the level of increase will be considered. As well as to increase job satisfaction and better working conditions to improve public health and financial income of workers increased.

Introduction and  Population growth and the pollution caused by discharge of sewage, waste leachate and surface runoff has caused water contamination. Zoning river water quality is the first and most important step in managing quality of water resources; because it clarifies the process of change in pollution, according to the time and place. Water health quality evaluation of the Cheshmeh Gerdoo river is of great importance, since it is a drinking-water supply and pollutants have been discharged into this river. In this study, sampling from six stations was performed, during three months. Then, water-quality parameters, i.e., dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), fecal coliform, NO3, PO4, TS, turbidity, temperature and pH were examined along the river. The data were analyzed using NSFWQI quality indices. In this study, the lowest DO quantity was equal to 6.4 mg/l at station 6 and the maximum amount was equal to 8.5 mg/l at station 1. Other parameters showed an increasing trend. In accordance with our results, NSFWQI index was calculated at the best and worst cases to be 54.85 and 39.19, respectively. Thus, the water-quality index in the upper part of the river, at station 1, was in the “average” category, and at the stations 4, 5 and 6 it was in the “bad” category. Raise in the levels of fecal coliform and BOD, from the beginning to the end of the river, indicated an increase in pollution. This problem might be caused by discharge of untreated sewage, since the river passes through rural and urban areas. Moreover, the increase in the levels of NO3 and PO4 can be resulted from pollution with agricultural effluents. Also, increase of TS and turbidity can be related to absence of suspended solids deposited along the river.

Introduction and Due to vast and varied nature of their work, managers need to operate in a wide range of emotions. In addition, managers must be able to determine when to show certain emotions. This shows the important role of emotional labor in management positions which can in turn affect the manager's job satisfaction. Therefore the current study aims to investigate the relationship between emotional labor and job satisfaction among executives and nursing managers of educational hospitals of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. This is a descriptive, correlation study using field survey method. The study population consisted of executives and nursing managers of educational hospitals of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. The sample size of 250 people was selected using census method. Data collection was carried out using a translated version of a questionnaire whose validity and reliability were approved (α=0/81). The questionnaires were distributed among the study population and the resulting data was analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics with the help of SPSS18 software. The rate of emotional labor among the executive and nursing management of the selected hospitals was average while the job satisfaction, deep interaction and genuine emotions were reported to be above average and the rate of surface interaction was lower than average. The results showed that there is a direct and significant statistical relationship between the genuine emotions dimension of emotional labor and job satisfaction (P<0/05). However there was no statistically significant relationship between the other dimensions of emotional labor (surface interaction and deep interaction) and job satisfaction of the managers. It can be concluded that, like in general population, the closer the emotional labor of the managers is to what they really feel (genuine emotions); the greater their job satisfaction.

Introduction & Chlorine is the most important matter to water disinfection due to a residual effect. But by formation of by-products could be harmful to consumers’ health, The researchers decided to use the method or other material. For this reason, in this study ozone used to water disinfection and its performance to disinfect of contaminated water with Escherichia coli was investigated. E. coli was utilized to contaminated water preparation. Culture and counting methods were performed according to the standard methods and recorded with CFU/ml. Normality of the data was analyzed by using Asmynrf-Kolmogrov test and T-test and ANOVA were used to statistical analysis, too. Theresults showed that the destruction of E. coli increased by increasing of ozone concentration and decreasing of density. Removal of the concentration of 1 mg per liter, compared with a concentration of 5 mg per liter of ozone in the ozone density〖10〗^4و〖10〗^5 CFU / ml is significant (P_value<0. 05). Removal efficiency of E. coli at 10 minute and above reached to 100%. The statistical results illustrated that removal efficiency of bacteria at the detention time of 1 min versus 5, 10 and 20 minutes is significant with a number of 105 CFU/ml of bacteria (P-value>0. 05). Ozone due to its oxidizing effect on microorganisms is a good disinfectant properties. The results of this study, ozone can be highly contaminated with E. coli was significantly effective in disinfecting water.

Purpose and despite outstanding breakthroughs in medical sciences, breast cancer is still considered one of the most important disease and the most prevalent women cancer and the second reason of death among them. The present study was conducted aiming to compare public health and marital satisfaction among breast cancer patients with breast evacuation, breast keeping and normal women in Tehran. the method of the present study, due to the lack of interference to alter the research variables, was causal comparative. The statistical population included all women with breast cancer and normal women in the city of Tehran. From these people in each group (breast cancer patients with breast evacuation, breast keeping and normal people) 80 individuals were selected through available sampling from clients of medical centers and special hospitals in Tehran during October 2012 to December 2013. The applied instruments were the questionnaires of public health, body image, and marital satisfaction. The achieved data were analyzed via one-way ANOVA and Tukey test by SPSS software. the results of the analysis showed that there is a significant difference between the mean scores of marital satisfaction, body image and public health in three groups (women with cancer who evacuated their breast, those who didnt and normal ones)(p<0.01). according to the findings of the present study the women with breast cancer are in more different state in variables of marital satisfaction, mental health and body image comparing to normal group. So it seems necessary for cancer treatment centers to consider psychological treatment courses for these people.