پژوهش نامه مطالعات مرزی
پیاپی 7 (بهار 1394)

Transition is one of the demographic issues that like critical determinants make changes in the population of a region. Transition has been defined as changing location of residence and work and simply as moving from one place to another. Despite all the strategies, various evidence suggests that border deprived areas suffering from a shortage of facilities and not only has difficulty to absorb human forces to these areas is difficult, but the possibility to keep the existing human force is declining. This study was conducted to identify factors that increase the possibility of keeping human forces in the border regions. The research was conducted based on field survey and needed data was collected based on descriptive survey. The statistical population of the research was 490 employees working in Ardebil Border Guard Command which the samples were selected all employees as a whole. To determine the validity of a developed scale was used the factor analysis method that before analysis, KMO test result (92%) confirmed the ability of scale data to analyze and the results of Bartlett test (75/4462 : X2) showed the suitability of the data in the 0001/0> P level. To analyze the data was used chi-square and logistic regression tests. The research findings represent that native and non-native human force almost equally requesting the transfer of border areas and this means employing policy of native force could not lead to human force in the border areas. Results also showed that variables such as job satisfaction, type of employment, type of dwelling and age have been effective in the willingness of the employees to transfer from border areas.

This study seeks to answer the question whether there is significant relationship between the causes of social and economic factors (such as feelings of anomie, distributive justice, the relationship with the offender, structural pressure, the gap between goals and means of achieving to the objectives and the greedy people)with smuggling trends or not? The methodology used in this study is survey and tools to collect data are questionnaire. The statistical population involved frontiersman trafficking border in Baneh in 1392. The sample size was 274 that divided into three categories: Cole Brown, merchants and smugglers by inappropriate classification sampling and cochran methods, then for marketers and and Cole Brown is used targeted sampling and for traffickers of snowball sampling method. The result showed that there is direct significant relationship between unemployment, unequal distribution of facilities, deprivation, structural pressure and variable depended to tendency and accepting smuggling as a job; in other words, the more mentioned indices, the more tendency to smuggle they have and there is significant relationship between smuggling course and tendency to do it. Cole Brown smuggle not out of satisfaction but also the obligation and traffickers and partly sellers involved in smuggling because of profiteering and high income of smuggling; also, the more communicate with the people involved in smuggling, the more the acceptance and tendency it as a legal one. At the end of the article to get out of the current situation, suggestions provide to officials and authorities such as the creation of free trade-industrial zone in Baneh for development and job creation, equitable distribution of business cards between Cole Brown and the border villages and reducing the administrative bureaucracy in order to facilitate the legal import.

The study first consider the grounds which result in the Algeria contract 1975 between two countries by examining historical terms of Iran and Iraq from the foundation of the former, and then represent security consequences of the contract. This study showed although came to end the conflict of two countries by conclusion of the Algeria contract 1975, due to the fact that Saddam's approach to this contract was not a strategy, but a pure opportunistic tactic that the Baath regime were forced to accept it under the pressure of war with Kurds, there was a long way to final peace. The contract has different security consequences for the parties. The positive security consequences of the contract for Iran is debatable, and it have been interpreted differently from an achievement that end the 42-year-old border dispute to a contract that saved the destruction of the Baathist regime, a regime that eight years later imposed the eight-year war to Iran and challenged Iran's security in all areas. The resulting studies carried out in this paper showed the Algeria contract the consequence of Kurds compromise by the Shah in short-term has gains for both countries till Iraqi invasion to Iran in Shahrivar 59 lose its validity.

The main objective of this study was to assess the level of social security among the frontiersman of Golestan province in 1393 and identify its promoting factors, so by knowing security intrusive and factors, grounds of progress and sustainable development of the areas will be provided. This study was conducted using a survey method and a questionnaire, statistical population was 58.600 people of frontiersman aged 18 to 65 living in border areas of Golestan province in 1393 out of which 385 samples were selected based cochran formula. To understand the relationship between variables used Spearman correlation coefficient, accepting difference of safety from dual nominal variables used t tests and multiple nominal variables f test and finally to recognize the amount of accepting difference of frontiersman evaluation to the dimensions of the sense of social security used single variable test. Results obtained from the study represent that from the dimensions intended for social security, institutional trust index average (98/2 out of 4) is in the first rank and the economic security index average (74/1) is in the eighth and the lowest rank and that reflects the low level of economic security among Golestan frontiersman; also views of respondents to social security index represent average (3/09 of 4), and this suggests that frontiersman in Golestan feel relatively high safety. Also research findings suggest that there is a significant relationship between age, gender, education, type of job and residence in the border with a sense of security.

By brief comparing border areas and center of the country, can achieve to a major indices such as the geographical isolation of border areas, being away from industrial-economic centers and underdevelopment in various aspects of social, economic and cultural dimensions. Moreover, inefficiency of distribution system makes discrimination between the center and border areas. This will lead to dissatisfaction of the residents of border areas and lead to various forms of regionalism as political regionalism; along political regionalism, issues such as unequal distribution, low-income of people, poverty and ... cause to economic regionalism. So countries to improve living conditions and reduce poverty in the border areas plan developmental- economic programs including creation and setting up border markets in border areas. Due to the issues presented, this study wanted to find out what is the role of border markets in national convergence? Following this objective, the present research has tried scientifically to study and analyze the role of Siranband border markets of Baneh in deepening national integration of the residents of the city. The research methodology is the survey, data collecting is library studies and research tool is questionnaire which its validity and reliability has been confirmed in the research process. The statistical population was Baneh active people (over 15) to the number 96000 people out of which 400 were selected as sample. To analyze the data obtained from questionnaires, SPSS software was used. The results show that the border markets Siranband of Baneh by its socio-economic condition leads to the exiting the area from geographical isolation, expansion of infrastructure and … that it has a positive role in national integration.

Organizational vivacity is a new concept which includes the most desirable organizational mode with respect to existing changes. Agile organizations require advanced flexible information and communication systems that guarantee secure flow of information with regard to the problems and have adaptability to changing conditions. Due to the importance of organizational vivacity for law enforcement and military organizations, the research provide to recognize the impact of information technology on organizational vivacity in border guard command of the Islamic Republic of Iran's disciplinary force. Research purpose is of applied and based on survey method. The study population includes all commanders and senior managers of border guards headquarter in 1393 that sample and all the commanders of Naja, and deputies of provincial and territorial regiments that the sample size is 213 by using cokeran formula, random stratified sampling and tools used in this study was a questionnaire to check the validity of the questionnaires of content (formal) method and to determine the test-retest reliability and Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The findings represent prioritizing of factors affecting the agility of the organization, in the people interviewed idea, comprehensive systems in organizational agility are so important and intranet, wireless portals and databases are in the following ranking. The indices of new information technologies including wireless portals, integrated systems, databases and internet all have the desirable condition; hypothesis testing also showed that there is significant positive relationship between the indices of new information technologies and agility of the organization.

Border areas of the country in terms of special geographic, political and security location has specific situation. To establish security in these areas, in addition to the use of human force and carrying out traditional actions in monitoring and protection of the borders, it is desirable to use advanced equipment and software. No doubt the use of new tools such as UAVs plays an important role in the detection of crime points, observing enemy movements and opposition and counter-revolution groups in the border areas, so this study tries to investigate the role of UAVs in securing the country's border regions. This research is applied; its nature is of the survey. To collect data, in addition to the questionnaires and interviews, are used library or document methods. Required survey information developed by the questionnaire having 30 questions and was collected by the adequate reliability and validity. The studied populations were selected among experts and scholars of the border guard command of Naja, staff and experts and air scholars and professors whose related fields are as geography and air-space (87 people). In the current study, validity tools was calculated by Cronbach's alpha and it’s 86/0; to ensure the validity have been used the opinions of professors, researchers and experts. Available data has been analyzed by statistical tests called T single instance in the software packages of SPSS. The results of the hypotheses test represent that using pictorial data and information controlling of UAV technology have an important role in making information dominance and security of border areas so that shows crime spots and the presence of enemy forces and counter-revolutionary elements; if the technical means send data continuously and simultaneously, will have a significant role in the support of border guard operation units.