نشریه پرستاری کودکان
سال دوم شماره 3 (بهار 1395)

Many environmental threats are consequences of human behavior. The only solution for reducing the environmental problems is changing human behavior. Therefore, the aim of current study was to investigate the influence of environmental education group on environmental attitude and increasing environmental awareness among the female students in Tehran.
The study is quasi-experimental with pre and post-test. 60 students were selected through multistage sampling method from female elementary schools in 2014-2015. They were assigned randomly to the control and experimental groups. The environmental education was conducted with experimental group during 10 sessions (90 minutes, twice per week). The research instrument was the children's attitudes toward the environment scale (CATES-PV) (Musser,1997). Statistical analysis was conducted using the analysis of covariance.
The results indicated that there is a significant difference between the pretest and post-test scores in the experimental group in environmental attitude (F= 162.036, p= 0.001) and awareness (F= 174.000, p=0.001).
The findings emphasized that environmental education, which is proportional to age, plays a crucial role to enhance the environmental attitude and awareness. Hence, it could be considered as a preventing strategy to destroy the environment.

About 6% of all hospital admissions are due to adverse drug reactions, the most important determinants in reporting adverse drug reactions is knowledge of health care workers about drug side effects. Since the nurses have an important role in medication orders, this study was conducted with aim to assess the knowledge of neonatal unit nurses about adverse drug reactions at East Azarbaijan province.
This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in neonatal units of East Azarbaijan province in 2014. The participants surveyed in this study were 200 nurses who were invited by cluster randomization sampling method. A researcher prepared a questionnaire that investigated the knowledge of participants about adverse drug reactions and was used after approving its validity and reliability. The quantitative analysis of this study used SPSS version 13 by descriptive and inferential statistics. For multivariable explanation of nurses’ knowledge based on independent variables multiple linear regression was used
The mean score of nurses’ knowledge was moderate(12.35±2.36). The highest score was for serum therapy domain and the lowest score was for side effects in oral drugs’s domain. Statistically significant correlation was found between the mean knowledge score with age and work experience (p According to the average level of neonatal nurses’s knowledge about the pharmacology, it is recommended continuing education courses, preparation of facilities for quick access to information about the side effects and drug interactions, as well as providing access to clinical pharmacologists in neonatal units. Also, more experienced nurses should be employed in neonatal units.

Catheter insertion is one of the most common invasive procedures that often used for children with thalassemia. For many children this action is frightening and painful. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of acupressure of Huko point on Behavioural responses to Pain associated with venous catheter insertion in children with thalassemia.
This study was an experimental single blind study. The sample was included 86 thalassemia children from 6 to 12 years that had referred for blood transfusion to thalassemia ward. The children were selected with random allocation and assigned to intervention and control groups. In intervention group pressure was applied in huko point 5 minute before catheter insertion. for control group, we do not use any intervention. Data were collected by using a demographic questionnaire and FLACC SCALE (faces, legs activity cry consolability scale) for paediatric behavioural pain symptoms. Data were analysed using inferential statistics (χ², Spearman correlation, ManWhitney) with using SPSS version 22.
The mean behavioural responses to pain score in the intervention group was (1/07±1/1) and in control group (3/811/84 ± ) was also statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of behavioural responses to pain (p=0/0001).
pressure on Huko point lead to reduce behavioral responses to pain intensity due of Catheter insertion in children with thalassemia

Circadian rhythms of a person's health and recovery from illness is important. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of circadian rhythms on quality of sleep and behavioral problems in primary school students.
The present study is descriptive- analytical type. The statistical population of the study were all 10-12 year old students In the fourth to sixth grade elementary school in shahrekord city in academic year of 2014- 2015 that among them 100 students were selected by multi- stage cluster random sampling method. Data gathering tools include circadian rhythms questionnaire, owens et al (2000) quality sleep quastionnaire and CSI-4 quastionnaire. The questionnaires were completed by parents of these students. Descriptive and inference statistics method multi- variable variance analysis and spss18 software were used to analyze data.
The subscales hostility and defiance disorder, hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder and dysthymic between the three types of circadian rhythms(Morning, evening and intermediate) in less than (pCoclusions: Circadian rhythms impact in behavioral problems and quality sleep. Necessary steps to provide the educational needs of individuals in shaping their circadian rhythms at an early age is critical to growth.

Creating positive end expiratory pressure through the nose with prong is an effective and non-invasive treatment of respiratory problems in infants. The use of this method has increased due to the increasing number of low-weight births and semester that are in danger of respiratory problems. This method has many health advantages and disadvantages which has long-term and irreversible effects on the infants. The main goal of this study was to determine the relationship between nurse's performance in the prevention of damages to the nose , the severity and incidence of it in infants treated with Continuous Positive Airway pressure(CPAP)through the nose prong.
This study has done base on 74 infants treated through nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)with prong in Shahid Beheshti Hospital Neonatal ICU in Isfahan. Babies since the start of the treatment until the time of the occurrence of damage to the nose have recorded three times per day with checklist. After the occurrence of the injury, the severity of the damage is measured with a standard baby score and excluded.
There is a significant inverse correlation between nurse's performance and nursing care during treatment with NCPAP and injuries (r = - 0.4, P Baby birth weight, gender, duration of treatment, equipment selection, indicators performance for nurses and nursing care during treatment are effective factors in the occurrence of the damage. This experience supports that, having higher level of care quality, more choice in terms of equipment and higher functional indices of total newborns, the incidence and severity of damage will be less. It is better to have more attention in nursing care guide for nurses, nurse managers and planners.

Support of parents of children with cancer requires health care personnel to be knowledgeable about the psychosocial risks among parents of children with cancer. This study thus was conducted to fulfill this aim.
Using the Psychosocial Assessment Tool- Revised (PAT-R) for parents of children with cancer, 200 parents of these children in two hospitals supervised by Kerman University of Medical Sciences was assessed.
In PAT-R, the total mean score was 0.56. There were correlations between religious, mother's age, number of children, type of cancer, gender of children with cancer and duration of cancer and PAT-R. A difference was found between parents in category of "parent's stress reaction, so that "stress reaction" of mothers was higher than that of fathers.
The total mean score of PAT-R in this study was lower than that in previous studies and stress reaction of mothers was higher than that of fathers. More study is needed to elucidate the parents’ experience of having children with cancer.

in recent years in the pathology of children's behavioral problems, the role of parent's psychological state has drawn much attention and it is believed that the mother's psychological problems are effective in creating behavioral problems in the children. Therefore, the present study was conducted aiming at investigating the relationship between the feeling of entanglement and the lack of joy-seeking in mothers of preschool female children with behavioral problems in Isfahan.
the method of the current study was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the study included preschool female children and their mothers in the city of Isfahan in 2013-14, from whom a sample of 374 mothers was selected according to Morgan table through clustered random sampling method. The applied instruments in the present study were the questionnaire of the feeling of entanglement, Rotter's scale of joy-seeking and behavioral problems. The achieved data were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis and multiple regression.
the results of correlation showed that there is a significant positive correlation between feeling of entanglement and lack of joy-seeking in mothers of the children with behavioral problems (p with regard to the significant relationship of children's behavioral problems and mother's lack of joy-seeking it is necessary to attend sufficiently to the mother's psychological health to improve the children's behaviors.

The growth of children is a health indicator at each country and growth monitoring has a great importance. This study was done to Compare anthropometric indices of 13-15 year-old students with NCHS standards .
In this cross-sectional study , 370 middle school girls in Hamadan selected based on cluster random multistage sampling . Data was gathered through questionnaire . To demonstrate the status of physical growth , weight, height and BMI was assessed and then it was compared with NCHS standards. The analysis of data was done through statistic tests ( Regression and T test ) by using SPSS (16).
The average weight, height and BMI was 48/25kg , 154/95 cm and 19/60 kg/cm2.The weight of 18/56% of students was below the 5th percentile and 3/7% higher than the 95th percentile.The height of 15/16% of student was below the 5th percentile, and 2/1% higher than the 95th percentile of the National Center for Health Statistics(NCHS), respectively Statistical tests showed significant relationship between family members , family income and consumption of creal with height and also family income and mother's working hours, with BMI.(P Because of lowering of height charts comparing to NCHS standard we recommend health promotion of parents and outhorities in schools.