مجله زنان مامائی و نازائی ایران
سال نوزدهم شماره 192 (هفته سوم اردیبهشت 1395)

Endometriosis is one of the common diseases of reproductive age and preeclampsia is a systemic disease with different organs involvement that has much risk for mother especially in HELLP syndrome and eclampsia and for fetus. There are controversy reports about association between endometriosis and pregnancy hypertension disorders. Therefore, regarding to the common background of angiogenesis activity in two disorders of endometriosis and preeclampsia, this study was performed with aim to determine the frequency of preeclampsia and pregnancy hypertension disorders in nulliparous women with endometriosis and the healthy women.
In this historical cohort study, the files of 893 infertile women who had referred to Alzahra and Beheshti hospitals and Fertility and Infertility center of Isfahan and had undergone laparoscopy due to infertility during 1993-1997 were extracted. 101 women were assigned in each group and preeclampsia and pregnancy hypertension disorders were compared between two groups after laparoscopy. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16), and Fisher Exact, t-test, and Chi-square tests.
P There was no significant association between endometriosisand preeclampsia and pregnancy hypertension disorders (P=0.5). 2 women (2%) with endometriosis and 3 (3%) without endometriosis had preeclampsia. Frequency of pregnancy hypertension in women with endometriosis was 6.9% and in women without endometriosis was 8.9% and the difference was not significant (P=0.3).
Frequency of endometriosis and pregnancy hypertension disorders was not different in women with endometriosis and women without endometriosis and the history of endometriosis is not associated with pregnancy hypertension disorders.

Episiotomy is the most common surgery in midwifery to facilitate the expulsion of the fetus. The pain resulting from episiotomy affects mother's quality of life. Verbascum Thapsus has been used for a long time to cure different diseases. Since no study has been conducted which evaluate the effects of Verbascum on pain relief in human models, therefore, this study was performed with aim to investigate the effect of Verbascum Thapsus cream on episiotomy pain intensity.
This clinical trial study was performed on 93 primiparous mothers in Fatima Zahra Hospital, Saveh in 2015. They were randomly allocated to two groups of Verbascum cream and placebo. The women in experimental groups used Verbascum and placebo cream twice per day for 10 days. Pain intensity was assessed before intervention, 1, 3 and 10 day after intervention using NAS scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16), and Mann-Whitney, t-test, and Chi-square tests.
P The score of pain intensity before intervention was not significantly difference in two groups of Verbascum cream and placebo (P=0.947). This score showed significant difference in two groups on 1, 3 and 10 day after intervention (P Verbascum cream decreased pain intensity during 10 days after episiotomy. Since this study was the first which assessed the effects of Verbascum Thapsus cream on episiotomy pain intensity in human, further research is required to fully clarify the beneficial effects of Verbascum cream.

The first month after delivery is the most critical time for mothers and is associated with a three-fold increased risk of depression. Problems during pregnancy may lead to postpartum depression. This study was performed with aim to determine the relationship between gestational diabetes and postpartum depression in women referring to health care centers in Zabol.
This prospective and analytic study was conducted on 105 pregnant women with definite diagnosis of gestational diabetes and 157 healthy pregnant women. Data were collected by personal information form, Beck Depression Inventory, Enrich marriage satisfaction Inventory, Vinfild and Tighmen social support Inventory and Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Inventory. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 21), and Mann-Whitney, t-test, Chi-square, relative risk test, and logistic regression analysis.
P 36 women (34.3%) with gestational diabetes and 30 (19.1%) without gestational diabetes had experienced depression at 4-6 weeks after delivery. Chi-square test showed significant relationship between gestational diabetes and postpartum depression (P=0.006). Women with gestational diabetes were at risk of postpartum depression 1.79 times than women without gestational diabetes (P=0.006, CI=1.37-2.20).
Gestational diabetes can be a risk factor of postpartum depression, so it is recommended that by preventive measures and treatment of the disease reduce the rate of postpartum depression.