مجله روانشناسی نظامی
پیاپی 9 (بهار 1391)

the purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of three cognitive – behavioral methods of treatment¡ including problem solving¡ exposure and combined method (formed by combining two methods of problem solving and exposure)¡ on quality and other aspects of the veterans’ life who suffering from post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
The research sample consisted of 100 veterans suffering from post traumatic stress disorder due to war. They were divided randomly in the three experimental groups by using an quasi-experimental design with pre test and post test. These groups included: 1 - problem-solving group 2- exposure group 3- combined group¡ and a control group. Each of mentioned groups contained 25 members. The measurement tool in this study was SF36.
The results showed that all of three cognitive – behavioral methods of treatment were significantly effective in improving quality of life among Veterans with PTSD. Although there were slight differences in life quality components¡ but total scores for all groups were similar. Furthermore¡ life quality in problem solving group had been more improved after three months of treatment.
Findings of this study¡ in line with previous works¡ show that cognitive – behavioral methods of treatment are effective in treatment and improving life quality of veterans with PTSD.

Adolescence age is considered as an important period for initiation of high risk behaviors. This is due to egocentrism and misapprehension of adolescents about their behaviors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of high risk behaviors and its co-occurrence among adolescents of military families.
This study was cross sectional-descriptive. 457 adolescents were selected from military families through Multi-phase sampling method and were assessed by Iranian Adolescent Risk-Taking Scale. Data was analyzed by SPSS¡ descriptive statistics methods¡ Pearson correlation coefficient and T-test for independent groups.
The results of this study showed that 23.4 percents the adolescents were at high risk during car driving. Furthermore 19.8 % of the adolescents were at high risk in sexual relationships¡ 5.5 % in alcohol use¡ 7% in cigarette use¡ 2.7 % in drug abuse and 7.7 % in aggression. The investigation of co-occurrence of high risk behaviors showed that there were significant and positive relationships among various risky behaviors.
According to the results of this study¡ more attention to risky car driving and sexual behaviors¡ which are highly prevalent¡ is necessary for adolescents’ health. Also¡ It seems necessary to perform preventive programs for school age children and to provide proper educations about high risk behaviors for adolescents and their parents.

Psychologists are faced with ethical challenges¡ regardless of the diverse environments of their activities. The military psychologists are not excluded from this¡ and with regard to the nature of their work environments¡ it is expected that they will face with ethical challenges of its own. The purpose of this study is to identify ethical challenges among military psychologists.
The method used in this study was the survey. Research statistical population was all psychologists who worked at a military organisation. They have¡ at least¡ master degree in psychology and they are engaged in psychological services or counseling centers. Sample consists of 31individuals. Instrument used in this study was a questionnaire inspired by Orme and Doerman (2001).
The results of this study showed that confidentiality¡ dichotomy of values¡ mutual relationships and competence are the major challenges which mentioned by the participants in this study.
Addressing the ethical challenges of military psychologists can help military psychologists in deciding about ethical dilemmas¡ and it also affects and mediates the organization claims.

Organization’s ethical climate is one of the effective factors on employees’ various behaviors at workplaces. The purpose of this paper was to investigate the simple and interaction relationship between organization’s ethical climate components (caring¡ laws and rules¡ service¡ autonomy and instrumental tendencies) and deviant and helping behaviors.
The statistical population was the employees of a military organization in Esfahan city¡ among them¡ 193 employees were selected using simple random sampling. Research instruments were consisted of: a questionnaire about organization’s ethical climate¡ questionnaire about deviant behaviors¡ and a questionnaire about helping behaviors. Data obtained from questionnaires were analyzed using Pearson''s'' correlation coefficient and hierarchical regression analysis.
The results showed that: 1- instrumental tendencies moderate the relationship between service and deviant behaviors toward organization and co-workers. Simple line slope analysis revealed that¡ in the case of high instrumental tendencies¡ service has a negative significant relationship with deviant behaviors toward organization and co-workers. 2- Also¡ autonomy moderates the relationship between laws and rules and service with helping behaviors. Simple line slope analysis revealed that¡ in the case of low autonomy¡ laws and rules have a positive significant relationship with helping behaviors. Also¡ results revealed that¡ in the case of high autonomy¡ there is a positive significant relationship between service and helping behaviors.
Evidences of this research revealed that¡ when personal ethic (autonomy and instrumental tendency) interact with collective ethic tendencies (caring¡ laws and rules and service)¡ it changes the effects of collective ethic on deviant and helping behaviors.

The main goal which is to provide a base for social emergency centers referrals safe for any kind of social damage. The purpose of this study was The comparison of Personality characteristics and coping styles in¡ normal girls and women and referrals to social emergency police in Mashhad
The population of all women and girls in the first 6 months of 1390 and were referred to the social emergency center in Mashhad. Then 50 among them were selected by in available sampling method. The population of normal girls and women was all girl students in the first year and living in the dormitory of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Then 50 students were randomly selected among the girl students in the first year and living in the dormitory of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad and assigned to the control group in the study. Measurement tools in this study were The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and Coping Strategies of the Folkman and Lazarus. The independent t-test and SPSS16 software were used for data analysis.
The results showed that girls and women and referrals to social emergency police are significantly different from normal girls and women in personality characteristics: neurosis (p The results showed that girls and women and referrals to social emergency police are anxious¡ worried¡ angry and aggressive and depression. And they have an emotional focused style in dealing with the problems in comparison with normal girls and women.

The characteristics of Self-sacrifice have been defined in different religious sources. Meanwhile¡ various psychological theories¡ based on their views about human¡ have a different view about Self-sacrifice. The purpose of this study is to provide psychological indicators about Self-sacrifice based on Islamic culture.
this is a qualitative study. Quantitative instruments were used to investigate the data. This study was done by data obtained from libraries and surveys of experts. The survey instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population of the study includes all libraries¡ Islamic research sources¡ psychological sources about Self-sacrifice¡ religious experts and psychologists familiar with the concept of Self-sacrifice.Statistical software spss 19¡ non-parametric Friedman tests¡ chi-square test¡ and co-related averages test was used to analyze the survey data.
by studying religious and psychological texts and consultation with relevant experts¡ 63 indicators were evaluated¡ 5 of them were excluded¡ and therefore 58 indicators with high correlation were selected as final parameters and were classified in 6 groups. The index of God-centrality had the highest alpha (0.95) and the index of benevolence and love others had the lowest alpha (0.765).
Various indicators have been proposed for the Self-sacrifice which are available in religious sources. A person¡ who sacrifices his life¡ considers rewards more than materialistic and worldly results¡ which are considered as a base for behaviors in some known psychological theories.