پژوهشنامه تربیتی
سال دوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 6، بهار 1386)

Margal warriors attacked to Europe after that Iran was conquered in 637. h, c during the rulling of octay , jnr and changeezs successor , they rushed toward east Europe, but octays death caused to stop theahacks, although before his death , Mongols were achieved to capture this part of Europe easily, because of its critical situation. During octays ruling era this time they were Christians who ahacked to moguls and oneagain they were able to take Jerusalem and took the revenge of crusade wars against muslems , there fore they coordinated with moguls for conquering Syria and Baghdad and after by reason of conflicts and tension that emerged among moguls from one side and religious challenges between yagobian, nastorian and also the support of some factions of east-christians in favour of muslems finally caused a political defeat for Christians . in consequences of these conflicts Christians could learn more about the eastern lands and little by little prepared a suitable ground and opportunity for interaction , trade among them.

The life of human always has been integrated with organization and administrating. Management as the science of administration has been mixed and appeared by the theoretical and operational principles. The structure of administration system of Iran has been originated from the forming and building of the families, tribes, nations, Empires and governments. Which was based on two approaches, centralization and decentralization?
One of the important factors determining the growth and development of a country is the insight and thinking way of its administration view of scientists and politicians.
The present study investigates:The administration thoughts and development and evolutions administration system during the Hakha's Dynasty Unitil the constitulitinal revolution of Iran and its changing this period.
The thoughts, believes, approaches and models of administration system of Hakhas, Sasanis, Saljuks, Safavid's and Gujars.
For convenience time period is divided into three periods and its section. In each one or two instances and administrative thoughts representing the administration thoughts system of time politicians and scientist's are offered.

2500-year-old kingdom celebration which after years of providing propaganda and studying were held in the fall of 1350 in persepolis with a unque glory , was on of the most expensire celebration which cost over 300 million dollars.By holding such a celebration ,shah was seeking a way to continue his government and dominance over the pepole of Iran ,so he began to recover Aryan's valuas and arouse animosity towards Islam and develop friendly relation with foreign countries ,hence he began a series of controversial and , in some cases ,useful measures :naming himself "shah", ordering the collection and compiliation if some books about Iran's pre-Islamic culture and civilization ,founding Shahanshahi foundation of Iran Acadmy ,establish-ment of Iran's National Deed Registery ,holding various celebrations during the celebration decade (1345-1355),promoting people to choose their children the original Iranian names ,sending some educational groups callend "Sepahyane Danesh" (knowledge corps)to villages for the aim of making pepole eager to ancient and kigdom culture and informing them of the magnitude of the 2500-year-old kingdom celebrations ,building several schools and many buildings of public interest after the name of cirus the Great,changing the calender from solar to kingdome the cost of these celebrtions was so high and anti-Islamic measurs of regime were so extensive that finally raised the protest of the majority of the pepole of Iran and even foreign press and figures,and Shah and regime were condemned.

After Genghis Khan’ death (624 A.H.) some of Mongol Amirs ascended the throne in Iran ( mostly in Khorasan , Mazandaran , Sistan , and Azerbaijan) and they were in power until Hulagu Khan made an expedition to Islamic countries ( 653 A.H.), or even until a further time. Arghun Agha( Amir Noroz’s father) was one of these Amirs who ruled in Khorasan , Sistan and Azerbaijan for thirty-nine years. He had four sons of whom the most famous was Amir Noroz. Ilkhan Arghon Khan, when he was still alive, appointed his oldest son Ghazan as the governor of Khorasan with Amir Noroz to be in his assistance and accompaniment. A year after his father’s death i.e. 674 A.H., Amir Noroz rebelled against prince Ghazan. Eventually, he decided to make peace with prince Ghazan on 694 A.H. that was in the time of Baydu’s kingdom, after a long-time disobeying and rebelling. Then he tried a lot, afterwards, to convert Ghazan to Islam and to sit him on the throne. He could finally defeat.Baydu Khan in two battles and he also deposed several rebellions against Ghazan Khan. But despite so many services he was eventually sacrificed in a destructive betrayal and reached a sad end. The main approach of this essay is to investing different stage of this great Amir’s life... .

Darolfonoon is irans first public school that was manged in accordance with European style. And was established by mirza taghee khan amir kabir. This school started its educational activitie sin rabialaval fifth in 1286 h/ 1851 a.d. The students were registrated there for seven courses as follow: cavalry, infantry, artillery, engineering, medicine, and pharmacy. The teachers who were teaching there werefrom European countries. At the beginning every course had been lasted for sevenyears, but later, itreduced to four years . at this school practical teaching was as importantas theorical teaching, and equipments sueh as laboratory , pressing bouse, and library were all in serve of teaching at the beginning naseraldin was wery gondof about school activities, but gradually when liberal ideas were growing there, he became regardless to it. In spite of its earlier progresses. Darolfonoon couldnot get to its general schedules because of numerous reasons, but at least could to open anew window toward knowledye world. For Iranians. And also caused a number of them became familiar with Europe xientific gains, and reformist ideas.

Since Sasanian imposed perjury and oppression on the people of Iran’s provinces, they in fact provided the basis for their fall, as they lost the rein and ruling because of Muslem Arab attack. Unfortunately, the first sweet flavors of Islamic rule in Iran didn’t last long. After imam Ails martyrdom, governors ruled in different provinces of Iran who thought nothing but their own personal and ethic interests.
Omavi governors in many countries including Iran had no achievements but insecurity, despotism, cruelty and corruption.
Omavian racism in a vast and widespread extent yield nothing but denying the people from human, social….rights.
So much threat, inauspicious, continued until justice was replaced with injustice and brightness with darkness.
In this article the author has tried to offer a brief sketch of history from this entry.

The territory of Gilan has been already different from ancient Periods to Temporary periods for natural geography and its social and land system structure with other areas of Iran .Its natural cover has been caused the big governors of the history could not enter this province, so political ,religious opposites of governments used this situation and continued to promoting of his religion in this area .Islam religion could not admit to Gilan territory till half-second of 3th century.From this period,Shieate opposites of Abbasi could promote their (religion )to this .It means (Tashayo e Zeydi ).Their (religion) to this territory.The same time with the extension and power of Zeydiyeh in Gilan ,other religions such as Esmaealiyeh ,Moshabahi and Tashayo Emami made effort.Al-e Kiya family ,after getting power in Eastern Gilan bothered the other group of religious for self confident in religion of Zeydiyeh and blocked their activity.One of the most important of religion evident in Gilan history is the refuging of Esmaeel Mirza to Lahijan and the effect of Al –e Kiya on Safaviyeh.According to witness ,Al – e Kiya has many effect on creating the Shiite on the Safavid Dynasty ).The safavid Dynasty government had put Al-e Kiya under pressure on the 10 th A.H century (15 A.D) and forced them to accept the religion of Tashayo e Jafari.