نشریه عقل و دین
پیاپی 2 (بهار و تابستان 1389)

The writing follows these fact that the human temperament isn’t from the univocal concepts – that it is predicated equally to all of the instances- and it shouldn’t be anticipated that all of the human be equal from the viewpoint of good morality and generous virtues and trimming from the ugly evils.
In fact, we should say: humans are not divided in two groups of moral and not moral, but with relation to morality, they are only one group, of course, the great group from the viewpoint of hierarchy is started from the weakest degree and continues to infinite. person who is in the infinite degree, hi is dear prophet of Islam. Others according to their hierarchy sit down in the shade of fruitful Tooba of his exalted morality.

Aim of the research is comparison between Islam and humanistic psychology from viewpoint of healthiness and illness or deficiency and perfection of human. The viewpoints of Islam and humanistic psychology are positive about human and his abilities. For this purpose, Ostad Motahhari has been chosen from the Moslem scientists and Carl Rogers from the humanistic psychologists. They have some things in common and of course some differences. The essay explains these aspects and shows that in the viewpoints of them, faith have a salient and important role in the healthiness and perfection of human.

Religion of Islam calls persistently his followers to reasoning contrary to other religions and social ideologies at present and past. In the many verses of Quran has been regarded to this fact. From viewpoint of Quran, the reason faculty of human is one of the sources of his science and knowledge, and also it is one of the factual distinctions of him from the other animals. For this reason, it has a very important role in the various aspects of true knowledge and consequently in attaining human to truth.
In the essay, we follow, after explain the meanings of reason, that discuss about the valuable place of this divine blessing and its efficiencies by using from verses of Quran as far as possible.

Today’s world experiences different paradigms of religiosity. Various depending on their nature and goal and also their intellectual, cultural, economic and political paradigms manifest themselves within these paradigms in the behavior and ideas of the believers.
Reviewing the situation of religiosity in the present communities, it is necessary to pay attention to these paradigms. Furthermore, in this direction, the qualitative changes of religiosity should be given attention too.
In general, three religiosity paradigms can be distinguished from each other: Traditional Paradigm, Modern Paradigm, and Subjective Paradigm.
In the Traditional Paradigm, dutifulness has the highest position and religion is an obligation and a full-fledged authority which one should surrender to it.
In the Modern Paradigm, religion is considered as a hand-made product of a magical thought and human myth which bows down before the instrumental rationality and some of its benefits should be utilized within a pragmatic view.
In the Subjective Paradigm, religion is considered at the service of needs arising from human narcissism and is converted into a consuming commodity.
In a theological view, it can be said that the specific context of Islam for explicit reasons is such that it does not bear Modern and Subjective Paradigms and it is wholly tied to obedience and submission.

Abstract Theory of innate disposition that has been mooted seriously in the philosophical sources and meetings, besides importance that it has in ontology in part of proving of God exist, it has reciprocal actions with lots of human sciences. The theory can be studied in two sides of perceptions or sciences and tendencies and from each sides, it is effective or affected with the spectrum of human science's branches. The theory effects on the sciences such ontology, epistemology, psychology, philosophy of religion, philosophy of ethics, philosophy of law, philosophy of history, philosophy of education and training and affected with sciences such psychology, philology and biology.

Allameh Hasan Ibn Motahhar-e Helli is a jurist (in Mohammedan law), Osooli, expert in science of Rejal, narrator of traditions (mohaddes) and effective theologian in the history of Islamic thought. His reputation in these sciences has shadowed his logical heritage. Multiplicity of his logical works should be explained. What are his tendency factors to the logical research? On the one hand, his theological challenge with persons as al-Ghazali, Fakhr-e Razi, Ormavi, Katebi and the other hand, Avicenna and Khaje Toosi’s profound influence on him led him to logical research; but analysis of his logical viewpoints indicates a more profound factor: logicality and rationality of theological thought of shi’ah.

When Alfarabius as a philosopher proceeded to express the Vahy (revelation in the Islamic tradition) problem and used the philosophic method about it, hi made a new design founded on the peripatetic philosophy and the philosophers after him accepted his paradigm and its general plan. Central role of Vahy caused that Avicenna as an inheritor of Alfarabius’ thought accepted his method in confrontation The Vahy problem. Importance of this method appears better when we know that some of the philosophers as Averroes brought up their own philosophy argument about Vahy in a reversed position and tried to study necessity and place of philosophy knowledge from viewpoint of Vahy. Therefore Avicenna with collection of peripatetic philosophy foundations tries in addition to accept elements such active intellect, acquired intellect and imaginative faculty of prophet proceeds to bring up factors such guess faculty, holy intellect and motive power for qualitative elevation of this viewpoint; furthermore among study possibility of Vahy, hi researches Vahy necessity and miracle problem. With not acceptance union between the intellect and the intelligible and trying for review Alfarabius’ foundations and harmonizing his viewpoint with text of Vahy, hi makes modifications in this viewpoint and choices finally knowledge kind of Vahy founded on the guess faculty. To propound argument of distinction prophetic Vahy and to lay stress on to being forgiveness prophet revelation relation are also from the salient points of his viewpoint.