فصلنامه آسیب شناسی درمانگاهی دامپزشکی
سال چهارم شماره 4 (پیاپی 16، زمستان 1389)

During the development of chick embryo, the genotype of the zygote determines the nature of the gonads, which thereafter creates the male or female phenotype. Differentiation of gonads during the period called “critical period for sexual differentiation “is accompanied with beginning of secretion of sexual hormones. Every change in the rate of steroidal hormones concentration during this critical period, affects on the structure of gonads. Therefore, injection of aromatase inhibitors (which blocks the synthesis of estrogen from testostron) in 5th day of incubation into the eggs, causes the production of males with female genotype. These sex reversal females have bilateral testes with complete spermatogenesis, having normal physical appearance and behavior. In this study, 14-α-hydroxy 3,6,17, androstan-trion inhibitor (1mg/egg) was injected into the eggs. Furthermore, the effect of three anti-estrogens (which blocks the estrogen receptor) Tamoxifen, and Clomiphen Citrate and GAR79 were studied. Injection of aromatase inhibitors into the eggs during incubation period caused statistically significant (p

In this study, 90 cattle with theileriosis and 90 healthy cattle were studied based on clinical and laboratory examination including parasitological and biochemical tests. Special biochemical kits were used for determination of zinc, copper, albumin, calcium, magnesium and ferrous levels in sera. Serum levels of transferin and ceruloplasmin were measured with ELISA and Sunderman & Nomoto method, respectively. The serum level of zinc was significantly decreased in cattle suffering from theileriosis (p

An experiment was conducted to evaluate guar meal (GM) as a source of protein on laying hen’s performance and egg quality. Two hundred and twenty eight laying hens (58 weeks of age) were fed diets containing 0, 3, 6 and 9% guar meal with/without β-mannanase (Hemicell®) for 12 weeks. A complete block randomized design with 4×2 factorial arrangement were used to have eight diets of each fed to four replicate hens of nine each. Hen-day egg production was significantly decreased when hens were fed diets that contained 6 and 9% GM in first week and only 9% GM at second week of experiment as compared with 0 and 3% GM fed birds. Whereas, hen-day egg production was not influenced when hens fed up to 9% GM after third week. Egg mass was significantly lower when hens fed 9% GM during the experimental periods compared to control and 3% GM fed birds. Feeding of GM did not affect specific gravity, percentage wet albumen and wet yolk based on percentage of whole egg weight and shell weight and thickness. Performance, egg quality and blood parameters were not affected by Supplementation of β-mannanase during the experimental periods. Feeding of GM at the level of 6 and 9% decreased serum cholesterol and triglyceride but did not affect total SRBC, IgG and IgM. The results of this study showed that 6% GM may be added to the diet of laying hens with no adverse effects on performance.

Gout syndrome is accounted for one of the prevalent causes of mortality in poultry farms. Gout is recognized by deposition of urates in kidneys, on serous surfaces of the heart, liver, mesenteries, air sacs and peritoneum. In some cases, these deposits may be observed on surfaces of muscles, synovial sheaths of tendons and joints, too. These deposits are like chalky coating and appear grossly. Gout could be seen in two forms, articular gout and visceral gout, and it is a disease with numerous causes. The causing factors of the gout are classified in three groups which consist of nutrient and management factors, infectious factors, and toxic factors. For evaluation of biochemical parameters in gout disease, we surveyed and diagnosed in three farms of egg laying poultry breeding (HY-Line) affected to gout syndrome during spring and summer of 1386. In this study, from the above- mentioned poultry farms a number of 20 affected, and 20 healthy chickens (totally 120) were chosen and Blood samples of all animals were collected from wing veins and their sera were harvested by centrifuging and the levels of Uric acid, Total Protein, Albumin, Calcium and Phosphors parameters were measured by diagnostic laboratory kits. After taking blood, they were autopsied, and according to autopsy signs and syndromes, the diagnosis of gout was confirmed. Results of this study showed significant increase on mean serumic Uric acid, Total Protein, Albumin, Calcium and Phosphorus in chickens affected by gout in comparison with the healthy groups(p

This study was done to determine the prevalence of Zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (ZVL) in wild canines around the city of Sarab and the possible association between infection in wild canines and people during 2009-2010. In this study 10 serum samples from foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and two serum samples from wolves (Canis lupus) were prepared. Samples were examined in the parasitology laboratory of Tabriz Medical University using Elisa and IFA serological tests. Only one fox of 10 with IFA and ELISA tests was seropositive. The IFA titre was greater than or equal to 1:1280 and amount of light absorption in ELISA equal to 2.127 and percent of samples (S/P%)=138%. The fox had specific symptoms of disease including cutaneous ulcers, hair loss, Impotence, Onicocriptosis, local or general lymphadenopathy, Keratitis and Hepatosplenomegaly. In slides prepared from impression smear of liver and spleen Leishman body was observed and culture results were positive. In this study the two wolves were not seropositive and the result of culture was negative. Parasites isolated from seropositive fox were tested with specific primers of k-DNA using PCR and indicated 99% homology with complex Donovani (L.infantum, L.donovani, L. Chagasi).

Hepatic abscesses have a major economic impact on the stock-breeding industry because of liver condemnation and reduced animal performance and carcass yield. This research was aimed to determine occurrence and bacterial causes of hepatic abscesses of sheep slaughtered at Urmia abattoir.Post-mortem examination of 3260 sheep showed that 48 (1.47%) exhibited hepatic abscesses. Twenty six (1.99%) abscesses were found in females and 22(1.12%) abscesses were found in males. Most of the abscesses were found in the right lobes (45.8%) and in diaphragmatic surfaces (47.9%) of livers. According to presence of abscesses, there was significant difference between different liver surfaces (p

The objective of this study was to investigate adding different levels of a n-3 fatty acid source to the Bioxcell® extender on freezing ability of goat semen. Six mature Mahabadi bucks were selected and semen was collected using an artificial vagina. Semen samples were pooled together and divided into four equal groups, after evaluating for qualitative characteristics. Treatment groups were supplemented by 0, 0.1, 1 and10 ng/ml levels of n-3 fatty acid, respectively. The rates of motility, progressive motility, viability and sperm abnormality were evaluated and recovery rate was calculated. Data were analyzed using proc GLM of SAS. Percentage of motility and recovery rate were significantly higher in 10 ng/ml group than the other groups. Percentage of progressive motility was significantly higher in 10 and 0.1ng/ml than the other groups. Percentage of viability was significantly lower in 1ng/ml group than the other groups. Percentage of abnormality was not significant between the levels of n-3 fatty acid. The results indicated that adding of 10 ng/ml n-3 fatty acids to extender could improve freezing ability of goat semen.

The object of this study was to investigate the effect of some blood metabolites and elements on the ovarian persistent follicle formation in dairy cattle. Blood samples were obtained from 117 lactating cows in two groups of normal and persistent follicle status. Glucose, urea, total protein, phosphorus and betahydroxy butyrate were measured by spectrophotometer method. Estradiol concentration in blood serum was measured by ELISA method. Effects of calving season, parity and milk production at 50-60 days postpartum were studied on persistent follicle status. Status of animal (presence or absence of resistant follicle) had significant effect on urea, protein, beta-hydroxybutyrate, phosphorus and estradiol (p