فصلنامه آسیب شناسی درمانگاهی دامپزشکی
سال دوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 6، تابستان 1387)

The soaking of bird carcasses in the hot water of scalder in order to loosen the feathers inside the follicles and facilitate the subsequent plucking is considered to be one of the critical points of the poultry slaughter house. Chilling and washing of the carcasses are the other critical points which can cause cross contamination. Thus the purpose of the present study was to determine the alterations in the microbial counts of scalder and chiller water at different times. For this reason, 50 ml samples of scalder and chiller water were collected separately at times zero, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 hours following slaughter with 6 replicates for each sample and the total mesophilic and thermophilic bacterial counts of scalder and the total mesophilic and psychrophilic bacterial counts of chiller were investigated. The results indicated that the mesophilic counts of scalder had decreased significantly over time but the thermophilic bacterial levels had increased significantly (p

From September to December 2007, fecal specimens of 100 stray and pet dogs in Tabriz were examined by saturated salt flotation and Telmann sedimentation methods to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth infestation. Helminth infestation was encountered in 31 (31%) of the fecal samples examined. The eggs of two different cestodes and three different nematodes were identified in the contaminated fecal samples. The helminth eggs found were identified as Taenia hydatigena (4%), Dipylidium caninum (6%), Toxocara canis (10%), Ancylostoma caninum (6%) and Trichuris vulpis (5%). No trematoda eggs and nematode larvae were found in this study.

This study was conducted on 20 cows with theileriosis and 12 control cows in order to evaluate the clinical function of rumen and its ecosystem. The occurrence of fever in cows with theileriosis was significantly more than the control cows (p

Increasing knowledge of metabolic disorders and prevention of any prduction decrease is beneficial in animal breeding. Problems related to calcium and phosphorus deficiency in high producing animals are among the most important metabolic disorders with disease such as osteomalacia, rickets, milk fever, pos parturition hemoglobinuria and reproductive disorders named as the metabolic complications. This study was conducted on non pregnant crossbreed dairy cattle. In the middle of each season with daily referral to the abattoir, blood samples were collected in veneject tubes and after transfer to the laboratory, the serumic levels of Ca, P and ALP were measured by spectrophotometry. One hundred samples for each season and a total of 400 samples were studied. The mean serumic levels of Ca, P and ALP were 8.83±0.02 mg/dl, 3.88±0.07 mg/dl, 163.4±0.8 Iu/lit; 9.05±0.03mg/dl, 4.19±0.01mg/dl, 240.7±1.2 Iu/lit; 9.03±0.07 mg/dl, 5.33±0.02mg/dl, 185.06±2.3 Iu/lit and 9.33±0.09 mg/dl, 5.74±0.08 mg/dl, 230.03±7.4 Iu/lit, in the spring, summer, autumn and winter respectively. Considering the normal Ca, P and ALP values in cattle, 6.3% and 83% of cases had Ca and P deficiency respectively in the spring, 80% of cases had subclinical phosphorus deficiency in the summer, 7.3% of cases had subclinical phosphorus deficiency in the autumn and 9.45% and 7.36% of cases had Ca deficiency and ALP elevation respectively in the winter. The significant decrease in Ca and P levels in the spring and P levels in the summer (p

In this study, biochemical variants of 24 ovine Pasteurella multocida isolates which were biotyped by microplate fermentation were studied. All isolates were taken from sheep with nasal discharge in East Azarbaijan province. Among the five identified biovars namely biovars 2, 3, 6, 7 and 11 only biovars 6 and 7 had biochemical variants. Manitol negative, manitol negative/ornitine decarboxylase negative and manitol negative maltose negative variants among biovar 6 and saccharose positive among biovar 7 are the characteristics of ovine P. multocida isolated from this province.

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder affecting mankind and its incidence is considered to be high all over the world. Hepatic and renal insufficiencies are identified as the most important causes of death in this disease. A multitude of herbs has been described for the treatment of diabetics throughout the world. The aim of the present study was to assess the protective effects of ethanolic saffron stigma extract (Crocus sativus L.) on early hepatic and renal injuries in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. For this purpose, 72 male wistar rats were randomly assigned to six different groups of 12 rats each, including healthy control rats, healthy control rats receiving ethanolic saffron extract, mild diabetic (MD) rats, mild diabetic rats receiving ethanolic saffron extract, severely diabetic (SD) rats and severely diabetic rats receiving ethanolic saffron extract. The most effective dose of the extract in reducing blood glucose (40 mg/kg), dissolved in normal saline solution (10 ml/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to treatment groups receiving the extract for 30 consecutive days. Control groups received normal saline solution in the same manner. Four hours after the last extract injections, all rats were euthanized simultaneously by cervical dislocation. Tissue specimens were fixed in 10% buffered formalin and 5 micron thick sections were prepared using routine hitopathological techniques. Histopathology of the liver and kidney in diabetic rats showed a spectrum of changes including periportal degeneration, membranoproliferative glomerulitis, enlargement of lining cells of tubules, lymphocytic infiltration, hyperemia and hemorrhage. These injuries were more prominent in SD rats. The histopathological appearance of liver and kidneys in ethanolic extract treated diabetic rats was near normal. The findings of the present study indicate that ethanolic extract of Crocus sativus L. stigma has protective effects on early diabetic nephropathy and hepatopathy in experimentally induced diabetes. Therefore, ethanolic extract of Crocus sativus L. stigma is recommended for prevention of early renal and hepatic injuries in diabetes mellitus, after randomized clinical trials.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the athletic performance of Arab horses fallowing oral administration of ascorbic acid. The study was conducted on two groups each consisting of 20 Arab horses with the age range of 4-9 years and body weight of 450-550 kg. After general examination of all horses, those in the treatment group received 20 grams of oral ascorbic acid daily for 30 days. At the end of 30 days period, general examination was performed once again and two jugular blood samples along with the electrocardiography after exercise at the 2160 meter track. Statistical analysis of the results indicated that the mean serumic levels of aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine phosphokinase, lactate and uric acid had significantly increased (p

The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of 1Normal concentration of Inositol solution on the protoplasmic droplet detachment and motility patterns of epididymal tail sperms in the water Buffalo. Thus, 50 pairs of adult male water buffalo testicles were collected immediately alter slaughter during March to September 2007 from urmia abattoir and transported to the laboratory alongside 4ºC ice pack in 30 minutes. Epididymal tail sperms were collected by incising the hypo vascularized areas and transported to Hams F10 culture media with normal sperm pH (6.7-7.4) and containing 10% embryonic cell serum and following 15 minutes of incubation at 37oC inside the Co2 incubator, 1N solution Inositol was added to sperm containing microtubes. Eosin-nigrosin stained sperms were then prepared from the above mentioned samples at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240 and 360 minutes and the motility patterns were investigated using the CASA software. The number of live and dead sperms and sperms with or without the proximal and distal protoplasmic droplets were counted in the stained sperms. The results obtained from the CASA software were analyzed using t-Test. The results indicated that 1N Inositol had no significant effect on sperm motility patterns but had significantly (p

This study was conducted evaluate the effect of vitamin E and Selenium injection on serumic levels of thyroid hormones in the Arabian horse. Twelve Arabian stallions of approximately equal age were selected and based on their age (4 and 5 years old), allocated to tow groups each consisting of six animals. In each group, three of the six horses were injected by vitamins E and selenium at a dose rate of 1cc/30 kg intramuscularly every tow days and the other three animals which were chosen as the controls were similarly injected by normal saline solution. Two days alter each injection; blood samples of the horses in each group were collected using venoject from the jugular vein. After separating the blood serum by centrifuging, the levels of T3 and T4 were measured using the ELISA technique. Following the first injection, the serumic levels of thyroid hormones demonstrated a significant increase in comparison with the controls (p