نشریه پژوهش توانبخشی در پرستاری
پیاپی 3 (بهار 1394)

Problematic issues associated with comorbidity of aging and cardiovascular disorders can adversely affect the ability of these elders in their everyday life management and enjoyment from social support. The aim of this study was to determine the ability of elderly cardiac patients in receiving their needed social support.
this was a descriptive – analytical study. Participants were 250 elders with cardiovascular disease in Bushehr Heart Center, selected through nonrandom convenience sampling method. Data collection tool was a self-administered social support questionnaire that developed by the researchers. Content and construct validity determination was conducted and confirmed using subject matter experts and exploratory factor analysis, and internal consistency for reliability testing through coefficient alpha which calculated as.85. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 18 and descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficients.
The mean age of participants was 66.58±7.43. The abilities of elders in receiving needed social support estimated as follows: %0.4 Weak, %20.8 average, %62.4 good and%16.4 very good. There was a significant correlation between educational levels and global ability scores and sub scores in areas of receiving information from family and friends, managing risk factors, Functional independence and satisfaction of goals achievement satisfaction (p0.05).
The findings of this study showed that the majority of elderly cardiac patients had good abilities in receiving social support. In order to achieve higher levels of this important ability, effective interventions to strengthen their social networks is highly recommended.

Cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis patients is one of the most problematic issues in this group of patients. These symptoms affect these people's life habits and daily routines. This study compared cognitive functioning in patients with multiple sclerosis with healthy people.
In this causal-comparative study a total of 30 multiple sclerotic patients and 30 healthy people counterparts were selected through convenience sampling. Card Sorting Test Tower of London, Wechsler intelligence test and span of attention and continuous performance test were used. The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance with SPSS version 21 software.
Patients with multiple sclerosis scored significantly lower in continuous performance test, the Tower of London card sorting test and the revised Wechsler scale compared with normal, healthy population so the mean scores on the three tests were significantly different in two groups (p Patients with multiple sclerosis have lower cognitive performance than normal population so cognitive functioning improvements should be highly considered in rehabilitation planning of multiple sclerosis patients.

poor adherence to medication regimen in diabetic patients leads to poor control of blood glucose levels, high risk for diabetes complications, hospitalizations and increased mortality rates. An appropriate level of glycosylated hemoglobin is considered a good diabetic management in these patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the concurrent validity of Morisky Medication Adherence Scale with glycosylated hemoglobin in patients with type 2 diabetes.
In this methodologic descriptive correlational study, 204 patients referred to Kermanshah diabetes center were recruited through convenience sampling method since June to July 2014. Data were collected using socio-demographic form, Morisky Medication adherence scale (MMAS-8) and HbA1c test as gold standard. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, independent T-test, Pearson's Correlation, Fisher’s exact test, and Chi-Square using PASW (Predictive Analytics Software).
33.4% of the participants were male and the rest were female. The mean age of participants was 57.1±9.6 years. 52% were illiterate. 129 patients (63.2%) had glycosylated hemoglobin's equal or less than 7% which is considered good diabetes management whereas based on Morisky medication adherence scale scores only 15 patients (7.4%) had a good medication regimen adherence. There was a significant relationship between adherence and gender. And more importantly and unexpectedly, there was no significant negative correlation between adherence scores with glycosylated hemoglobin levels (r=폽, p>0/05).
Unexpectedly there is no statistically or clinically significant relationship between Morisky Medication Adherence Scale with glycosylated hemoglobin levels.

cunctation is a behavioral phenomenon described by repeatedly postponing one's duties so that it causes stress, feeling guilty and acute decreases in personal efficiency. This malbehavioral phenomenon would lead to lose of the individual's social acceptance and inflicts problems in social interactions due to lack of commitment to fulfill tasks and responsibilities. So the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of cunctation-based cognitive-behavioral intervention on high school student's self-esteem, Educational performance and procrastination in the town of Delphan.
this study was conducted through experimental method and with pretest- posttest, and control group design. The statistical population included all high school male students in Noor Abad (Delphan) in academic year 2013-14. In order to do the study 60 students with history of procrastination problems were selected through simple random sampling method and were randomly assigned into three experimental and one control groups (15 students in each group). The measurement instruments included APSS test developed by Solomon and Rothblum (1984), Rosenberg self-esteem scale and also the student's semester average scores. In the process of administration, the experimental group received 10 sessions of cunctation-based cognitive-behavioral training and the control group didnt receive any intervention. The achieved data were analyzed using Covariance statistical method with SPSS version 20 software.
Covariance analysis showed that cunctation-based cognitive-behavioral training was effective in the student's educational performance, self-esteem and procrastination and it led to the improvement of educational performance and self-esteem (P generally it can be pointed out that cunctation-based cognitive-behavioral training would lead to the increase of mental health (self-esteem) and it is effective in management of procrastination behaviors.

The created attachment style between mother and her child will play an important role in the child's cognitive, social and behavioral performance in the future. Therefore this study was conducted to find any existing relationship between attachment styles and intensity of sensation seeking in female high school students in Isfahan-Iran.
The research was a descriptive, causal-comparative study. The statistical population of the study was all high school female students of Isfahan in academic year 2010-11, 160 students were selected through multi-stage clustered random sampling (80 High Sensation seekers, 80 low Sensation seekers). The inclusion criteria of the study were having Sensation seeking and lack of major psychiatric disorders. The applied instruments in this study were Zakerman's fifth form of Sensation seeking scale (40 items) and the adult's attachment style questionnaire. The achieved data were analyzed through MANOVA using SPSS Statistics 21.
The results of the study showed that there is a significant difference between two high and low sensation seeking groups (p0.05).
Sensations and emotions, as one of the important components in social interactions, can be influenced by attachment styles especially safe attachment from very early stages of life. Therefore through providing conditions to meet the children's attachment needs, regulation and fine modulation of their adulthood emotions will be achieved.

People with Disabilities usually experience marginalization due to depression, low psychological adjustment and lack of social support and most of them have lost their meaning of life and are despaired in their lives. The purpose of this study is to explore the meaning of life and hope in the people with Spinal Cord injuries, blinds and healthy people.
In a causal-comparative study a total of 100 people with sensory motor disabilities (including 50 with spinal cord injuries and 50 Blind persons) recruited of state Welfare organization of Kerman province through purposive sampling method and 100 healthy university students as their counterparts selected through random sampling method. Inclusion criteria consisted of age over 18 years, not married, absence of psychotic disorders based on hospital medical records, negative history about substance abuse, educational level at least diploma and informed consent to participate in this study. The research instruments were Snyder’s hope scale and Frankl’s life meaning Questionnaire. The data were analyzed through MANOVA statistical method by using SPSS version 16 software.
The results showed there is a significant difference in the meaning of life of spinal cord injured persons, blinds and their healthy counterparts and the mean score of meaning of life in this group was higher than the other two groups (p0.05).
The results indicated that the blinds and Spinal Cord injured people are less objective oriented and have low levels of meaning in their lives. Hopefulness and life meaning play a major role in well-being and mental health especially in peoples with sensory motor disabilities. So paying due attention to this issue and the factors that led to low levels of life meaningfulness in these group of people is very important and should be well considered by Welfare State authorities.

Bullying is one of the well-known behavioral problems in adolescence, which may a kind of violence is prevalent in schools.The purpose of this study was to compare the psychological well-being anger bullie's parents with psychological well-being victim's parents and normal children.
This research is a causal-comparative study. In this study 166 parents of 89 high school students (30 bully's children, 24 victim students and 35 normal students) were enrolled in Tabriz by using of cluster sampling. The self-report scale of Olweus bully and victim and anger Nilsson scale and Psychological well-being Ryff questionnaire was used after determining the Validity and reliability. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 19 software using descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of covariance method.
The results showed there is a significant difference between three groups of mothers (bullies, victims and normal) in psychological well-being except the component of positive relationships and self-determination (P0.05).
The results showed that parents of bully's children have lower psychological well-being than other two groups (victims and normal children’s parents). Even in this group mother's psychological well-being were lower than fathers.

Chronic diseases as defined have long standing periods and slowly progress. These conditions are very costly for patients and countries health care systems. The Patients need long-term care and ongoing training and guidance about the treatment from the team. Tele nursing has the capacity to facilitate the access of the patients to these services at the lowest cost. The purpose of this study was to evaluate some common types of chronic disease in which tele nursing has been used and the outcomes of this type of care is reported.
In this systematic review, the full texts of all articles in Persian and English related to reports of tele nursing in chronic diseases searched by these keywords: Tele nursing, follow-up with phone calls, chronic illness, nurses and cost effectiveness. Persian medical and allied health care databases included Magiran, Iran, Medex, SID, Nindex, Ministry of Health website and English-language articles on following international databases: ProQuest, PubMed, ELSEVIER, Ovid,Scopus retrieval of articles spanned From August 2004 until August 2014.
Of the 31 articles reviewed 8 articles were in Iranian journals and 23 articles were published in international journals. Focus of the 26 articles (84%) were on the use of remote nursing care and outcomes in chronic heart failure, type 2 diabetes and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases.
Providing tele nursing cares in chronic patients have led to increased efficiency in adherence to the treatment regimen, reduced mortality rates and costs, reduced depression and anxiety, decreased hospitalizations and improvement of quality of life in patients.