نشریه علوم و فنون شیلات
سال ششم شماره 1 (پیاپی 18، بهار 1396)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of probiotic, Pediococcus acidilactici (CNCM-MA 18/5 M, Lallemand, France) in concentrations of T1: 1 × 109, T2: 2× 109 and T3: 3×109 cfu / kg of diet on changes some hematological parameters of bream fry (Abramis brama orientalis, Berg 1949) in comparison with diet control, C, (untreated) for 60 days. One hundred eighty Bream fry with randomly in initial weight of 2.69± 0.22 g divided in 12 fiberglass tanks (110 L) and offered feed at 3-5% body weight, daily. At the end of the trial blood parameters measured. The total number of red blood cells, hematocrit, hemoglobin and white blood cells levels showed a significant increase in treatment fed with 2× 109 cfu probiotic per kilogram of diet (P

Settlement of benthic community depends on environmental conditions and interspecific reactions. The effect of substrates on the surface cover by the soft coral, Zoanthus sansibaricus, and the brown algae, Iyengaria stellata and their computational condition, was compared in the Hormuz Island by estimating of coverage area in 40 quadrates (50×50 cm). Z. sansibaricus is a dominant soft coarl (Zoanthid) species in Hormuz island coasts in the other side I. stellata considered as dominant macroalgea, most of year in area. Significant negative correlation (p

The effect of Spirulina powder at levels of 0 (control), 3, 7, and 10%, of food ratio on growth, survival, and total carotenoids of dwarf gourami fry (Trichogasterlalius) of 3.6 g average weight as well as its larval stage was investigated for a period of 8 weeks. Carotenoids was significantly increased with increase in spirulina level up to 7% (p 0.05). Survival showed no significant difference (p> 0.05). In larvae, survival, total carotenoids and total length increased significantly with increasing spirulina powder (p

The effect of ascorbic acid on shelf life of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fillets in the refrigerator based on total microbial load, chemical evaluation was investigated. For this reason, the fish were divided into three groups, including without injections (treatment 1), fish with intravenous injection of ascorbic acid in doses of 0.1 and 0.3% (treatment 2 and 3) and fish with intramuscular injection in doses of 0.1 and 0.3% (treatments 4 and 5). After 62 hours of injection, fish (400 ±10g) were caught and filleted, then kept for 16 days in refrigerator. During this period, every 4 days, peroxide value (PV), thiobarbituric acid (TBA), free fatty acids (FFA), total volatile nitrogen base (TVB-N) and total bacterial load (TVC) indicators were measured. Treatments 3 and 5 showed a significant difference (p≥0.05) in PV, TBA, FFA, TVB-N and TVC indicators in comparison to other treatments. There was also a significant difference between the treatments 3 and 5 (p≥0.05) in the indicators of the TVC, TBA, FFA and TVB-N that indicated better performance of intravenous injection of ascorbic acid 0.3% after 8 days storage in comparison to intramuscular injection of 0.3%. According to the results, in intramuscular or intravenous injection of different doses of ascorbic acid increased the shelf life of rainbow trout fillet during storage in the refrigerator until day 12.

The effect of vitamins C and E in enhancing the shelf life of the algal paste during 12 weeks cold storage (4°C) was assessed. The microalga, Nannochloropsis oculata, was grown in Conway media under 24ºC temperature, 25ppt salinity, and continuous light intensity of 1000- 2000 lux with) and harvested at the logarithmic phase by cream separator centrifugation at 12000 rpm in the form of paste. The algal cell viability was determined by Evans blue dye. The algal paste samples were treated with different vitamin treatments, including: vitamin C and E (0.1%w/w), and an equal proportions of mixed vitamin E and C, and then stored in refrigerator for two months. The results showed that the 95% cell viability of vitamin C treated paste was significantly higher than the control group (p>0.05). FFA and pH in vitamin C treated group was lower than the control treatment. The comparsion of between different treatments during the storage period indicating that it contains vit E had a slower increase than the other treatments in during the storage the time. Overall, it was demonstrated that vitamins functioned as suitable preservatives for the microalgal paste in cold storage (4 °C).

The yield and quality of oil extracted from common kilka (Clupeonella cultriventris caspia) through a novel extraction technique with supercritical fluid CO2 and also ethanol co-solvent extraction at 30 MPa pressure and 58°C temperature of for 90 min were compared. Addition of ethanol co-solvent significantly increased the total oil yield (p˂0.05). Moreover, the qualitative characteristics of the extracted oil with ethanol modified the solvent acidity, peroxide and TBA index considerably less than the oil extracted by supercritical fluid CO2. Fatty acid composition of the oil extracted with the two extraction methods showed there was no significant difference in SFA and PUFA fatty acids (p˃ 0.05). In general, the two methods used in this work didn’t considerably affect the fatty acid composition of the extracted oil.

The aim of this study was assess the application of carvacrol at 5 and 10% levels in production of the zein film and evaluation of its antimicrobial properties, and also kinetics release of carvacrol from active film (10%w/w) in food simulants of acetic acidand ethanol at different temperatures by using high performance liquid chromatography from. Diffusion and the activation energy (Ea) values of zein film containing 10% carvacrol were calculated based on Fick’s second law. Results showed that by increasing temperature from 4 to 37°C, the extent of releasing after 60 min in acid simulant (9.82 ± 1.34 to 40.78 ± 0.06 %(, and ethanol simulant (11.80 ± 1.34 to 47.44 ± 0.06%) was increased. The diffusion value of carvacrol at 4, 22 and 37°C in acetic acid simulant was determined 0.23, 1.20 and 6.70 m.s, respectively. The Ea value for carvacrol diffusion in 3% acetic acid simulant (72.75 kJmol-1) was lower than in ethanol simulant (79.73 kJ mol-1). The antibacterial activity of zein films was studied against Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenesin at 4 and 37°C. The zein films containing 5% carvacrol produced a good bactericidal effect. It was observed total inhibition against Escherichia coli by incorporating 10% carvacrol in zein film at both temperatures. This work suggested that the zein bioplastics containing carvacrol can be used as an active packaging for improving the safety and shelf-life of food products.

In a completely randomized experiment, the effect of Daphnia magna meal on growth performance and carcass composition of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) larvae (body weight 0.538±0.197 g) was evaluated for a period of 60 days. Five diets with the same protein content (crude protein 52.70%) were prepared, including two diets containing fermented daphnia meal T1 (20%), T2 (30%), two diets containing raw meal T3 (20%) and T4 (30%), and a basal diet without daphnia meal as the control. The bacterial species used for fermenting included five commercial probiotic species. Fermented daphnia meal brought about significantly higher growth and the lowest feed conversion ratios, viz. T1 (1.27 ± 0.35) and T2 (1.31 ± 0.46), in comparison with T3 (1.38 ± 0.37), T4 (1.41 ± 0.42) and the control (1.84 ± 0.69) (p

The effects of adding refined cod liver oil- rich in omega 3- in three forms (fish oil, O/W emulsion, gelled oil-in-water emulsion) to sausage from silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys moltrix) was investigated. In this regard, such properties of the sausage as its physicochemical, sensory, microbiological, texture, color, cooking loss and oxidative stability of enriched sausages were assessed. The results of proximate composition analyses showed that there was no difference between enriched formulated fish sausage (p> 0.05). pH ranged from 6.52 to 6.72 and decreased during storage. Enrichment of fish sausage caused to higher ω-3 PUFAs content, especially EPA and DHA, and decreasing significantly the ω-6/ω-3 ratio from 22.3 to 9.85. The control and fish oil treatments showed significantly higher thiobarbituric acid value during storage (p

Growth, sex ratio and age of 188 specimens of Tench, Tinca tinca, from Anzali wetland were recorded during Nov. 2013 to June 2014. The age range of fish was 0 to 6 years. Male to female sex ratio was 1:1.7 that differed significantly (P