نشریه اقتصاد مالی
پیاپی 6 (بهار 1388)

Economic growth has been one of the quantitative indexes to measurethe rate of economic development, in different countries, and factors affecting on it, are very important. This index is affected from several factors, meanwhile, tourism capacitiessuch as, creating job opportunities, infrastructural development, entry of foreign tourists, increasing demand for domestic commodities, increasing exports andincreasing the possibility of foreign investment,Of the major reasons that should bea special effortin line with economic growth.Recognizingthe superior position of tourism industry, in different patterns of economic development, can be strengthened economic growth.The main goal of this paper reviews the effects ofcapital industry and entry of foreign tourists on economic growth of Iran in a time period between 2991–3119by Autoregressive Distribution Lags approach (ARDL).Estimation results show that, the capital that usedin the tourism sector, has a positive and significant effects on economic growth in Iran.Also entry of foreign tourists,showspositive and significant effects on it.

The economic convergence commitments have being signed increasingly since two past decades throughout the world. Nowadays, more than half of global trades have been occurred through these kind of commitments. In addition, almost every country is a member of these sorts of commitments.In this paper, the effects of decreasing tariff barriers on the trade flows, tariff revenues, and trade balance are simulated when the Iran-Venezuela Preferential Trade Arrangement (PTA) be established. These effects are simulated by using a partial equilibrium model so called SMART. The results show that the establishment of such arrangement causes expanding trade volume of Iran. Besides, the Iran's trade related to Venezuela's one gets excess because of its exports increasing related to its imports. Overall tariff reduction is simulated under two different scenarios, 70and 500percent. In both situations, hot water steam boiler, nuclear reactors, mechanical machineries, vehicles, iron and steal products, various chemical industries and fruits are the most determinations with regard to the concept of creation and diversion trade. Furthermore, these products have the most effects on Iran's exports to Venezuela. On the other hand, raw steel and cast iron are the most impressive imports of Iran from Venezuela

Today, unemployment is a great problem of many developing societies. This article examines factors related to unemployment and the impact on the real exchange rate in the eight-nation Islamic Conference, mainly in developing countries or less developed, deals. Beginning with the introduction of an analytical model includes a two-sector open economy, unemployment and analysis component channeleffect. Then we use model obtained to investigate relation between macroeconomic variables and unemployment with panel data method. Results confirm this model from statistically significant coefficients and indicate that unemployment with variable gross domestic product (GDP), real exchange rate and the share of industrial exports has indirect relationship and with the variable volume workforce have direct relationship.

In order to allocate a good share in the process of globalization of economy to our country, and promote it, we have to identify our potential advantages to gain better advantages in the stage of world trade. This survey studied the existence or non-existence of the Comparative Advantage of Iran and fourteen date exporting countries such as Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Palestine, Algeria, Iraq, Oman, Egypt, France, Mexico, United States of America, Netherlands and Germany which were the supreme date exporting countries of the world respectively from 1995(coincident with the beginning of WTO's activities) to 2007.Additionally, the trend of variations of date exporting comparative advantage, the place and competitive grade (comparative advantage) of these fifteen countries in1995–2007are studied.Thus, by using F.A.O. data, in this survey RSCA, χ2indexes have been estimated. The results showed that inspite of the favorable situation of Iran in world palm production, a fluctuation has been observed in RSCA during the period of the present study, and it was stabled only in the last few years of this period. Attention should be paid to this issue and fundamental actions should be undertaken.

The banks have important duties in economy including equipment of saving and brokerage, payments flowing, allocation of credits and maintenance of financial order. Even in economies with development financial markets , the banks are in the center of economic and financial activities and very important for applying of moneytary policies. The aim of this study is to survey of the factors affecting on bank deposits absorption on Saderat bank of Iran during 2131-13(2919-1332). The results show that real per capita income and Number of bank branches have the most affects on volume of long run deposits. also the volume of previous period affects on current and interest-free deposits whereas inflation and population have a little positive affecting on deposits volume in saderat bank.

The aim of this paper is to analyse the influentioal factors on economic growth in MENA coutries during 1991-2001. The differences between economic growth in these countries has originated from existing institutions performance, doing business condition, production factors, the level of technology and competition between government and private agencies in economic activities. Based on a panel data teqniquic on some selected countries we have estimated the labor and capital coefficient effects on their production value. The findings show that capital accumulation have positive effects on economic growth rate in Iran, Emarat, Jordon, kuweit, Moroco, Oman, Qatar, Surya and Turkey. These coefficients in Bahrin, Lybia, Saudi Arabia, and Tunesia are lower than former groups. In addition, human factors have more participants in growth in Iran, Turkey, Jordon, Kuweit, Saudi Arabia, Tunesia and Bahrin to others selected Counttries.

Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), this research compares Buy-back and Production Sharing Contracts (PSC) together to find the optimum contractual method in finance and project implementation in oil-upstream section for both independent and Iranian joint fields. The most important decision-making criteria for making contracts in upstream section of oil and gas industry are classified to "Before" and "After" contract approval. The criteria were selected by Delphi method. To do this research, two questioners were filled out by professionals in oil industry in two stages and the data was analyzed by EC software. The analysis of data indicates that the PSCs are preferable than Buy-back contracts in both independent fields (76.56) and joint fields (73.46).

In recent years in Iran, the emphases on oil exports have caused low level exports of agriculture and industrial goods and services. The existing pistachio exports quantity is lower than its potential capacity. To increase pistachio exports we belive two factors category are very important. The first variables are such as real exchange rate, per-capita income of import countries and level of pistachio production.we estimated these factors based on an econometric model and statistica data. The second variables are government regulation, marketing, advertising cost, product quality, coustoms protections, laws, instability and macroeconomic conditions that we examined based on survey.