مجله دیابت و متابولیسم ایران
سال شانزدهم شماره 5 (پیاپی 75، خرداد و تیر 1396)

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder and the most prevalent cause of joint pain across the spectrum of middle age to elderly. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of subjective norms and perceived behavioral control on self-care among elderly patients with osteoarthritis who are suffering from OA in Yazd city, Iran.
A cross-sectional study was conducted and 87 elderly who attained to health centers subjects through simple sampling methods. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire designed for the study which the first includes demographic variables, of subjective norms and perceived behavioral control Part II , and self-care behaviors categories of items Part III. The questionnaires completed by interview and data were analyzed by SPSS18 software using T-Test , ANOVA, correlation coefficient tests.
The mean score of the subjective norms, perceived behavioral control and self-care were 81.85±11.40 (The top 110 scores), 90.19±6.19 (The top 120 scores) and 44.93±5.84 (The top 60 scores), respectively. The results showed that between subjective norms and perceived behavioral control and self-care with demographic variables except education and perceived behavioral control (p =0.001), the history of disease of self-care (p =0.001) and perceived behavioral control and economic status (p =0.002) were not a significant relationship, Also The results Pearson’s correlation test revealed that there was a significant correlation between self-care behaviors and perceived behavioral control (p =0.008, r=0.297).
As for strong association between behavioral control and self-care that we found in our study and high influence and extension of mass media, , it recommends to emphasis on using these methods as educational assistance devices in interventional programs in these medias.

Elderly people need more receiving health services. Planning to provide services at regional and national levels requires information about the health status of the elderly. This study was performed to assess the health status of East Azarbaijan province.
In this cross-sectional study, 436 subjects were enrolled (180 men and 258 women) aged ≥ 60 years using multi-level proportioned cluster Random sampling from 19 cities of the province.
Data was collected by a demographic questionnaire , measuring anthropometric characteristics, and blood pressure and using "Mini Nutritional Assessment" ,”Geriatric Depression Scale-15 ", “Katz’s Activity of daily living”, and "Lawton’s Instrumental activities of daily living”.
The mean age of the participants was 69.31 years. The self-reported prevalence of diabetes was 34.2%. The prevalence of hypertension in the elderly was 52.5%. The most common complaint of the participants was pain (60.9%). Totally, 46.9% had a difficulty in walking, 44.3% visually impaired, and 26.4% suffered from hearing impairment. Moreover, 44.8% of sleep disorders was found. Also 26% of the participants had depressed mood.
Elderly residents of East Azerbaijan province, has probably a better health status than the average Iranian elderly. However, there is a high prevalence of hypertension and diabetes among older adults of this province that need to more pay attention.

Diabetes increases risk of incident or exacerbation geriatric syndromes in elderly and effect of different aspects of their life. This study was conducted to evaluate related factors in the quality of life of elderly diabetics.
This is a descriptive and analytic study that 88 elderly subjects with diabetes diabetic patients selected from 1400 cases in the age range 60-83 years have file in Kashan Diabetes Center in 2006. Samples were enrolled during about 2 months. Quality of life and a demographic questionaire were adminstered. The quality of life tool contained 41 questions that have been investigated in three dimensions: general (13-52 points), specificity (27-108 points) and overall (40-160 points). The relationship between QOL and other variables were analyzed by SPSS 16 using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.
Overall, 65.9% of patients were female and 34.1% male. Results has showed that there are significant relationship beetwin tingling, numbness and vision loss with the general quality of life and treatment type, kidney failure, tingling, numbness, and limb numbness with the special quality of life.
Considering the low quality of life in the majority of elderly diabetics and its role in the development of diabetic complications, results express severe need to care of the elderly and reaffirm the role of care in improvement the health level of older adults.

Alborz Province is one of the provinces that accepted immigrants. Immigration has a profound effect on physical and mental health in elderly. This study was performed to assess the health status of Alborz province older population.
In this cross-sectional study, 235 subjects were enrolled (113 men and 122 women) aged ≥ 60 years using multi-level proportionated cluster random sampling that selected from 19 cities of this province. Data was collected by a demographic questionnaire, measuring anthropometric characteristics, and blood pressure and using "Mini Nutritional Assessment", ”Geriatric Depression Scale-15 ", “Katz’s Activity of daily living”, and "Lawton’s Instrumental activities of daily living”. Data was analyzed with spss21.
The mean age of the participants was 68 (6. 00) years. The prevalence of anxiety and depression among the participants was as٪ 51. 5 and 34٪, respectively. At risk or malnutrition was observed in 27٪ of the participants and ٪ 54. 5 had suffered dental problems and ٪ 49. 8 also had problem in walking.
Overall, the health status of elderly people in the Alborz, perhaps slightly better than the national average, but the high prevalence of metabolic disorders also the high prevalence of depression and anxiety require serious intervention by policy makers to promote the health in elderly.

The aging of the population is a great challenge of the public health in this century. The health promotion of the elderly people requires a comprehensive and accurate understanding of their health status.
This cross-sectional study has assessed the health status of 191 old people ≥ 60 in Sistan and Balouchestan province that selected by a multi-level cluster random sampling. General health data was collected using SF-36 questionnaire, nutrition status was assessed using Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), depression status was detected by the geriatric depression scale-15 (GDS-15), functional status was assessed using the activity daily living (ADL) and instrumental activity daily living (IADL) questionnaires, as well as, the information about demographic, history of diseases, vaccination, participation in social activities, and the utilization of elderly care services were evaluated by an approved questionnaire. History of hypertension was asked from the participants. Moreover the blood pressures of them were twice measured.
The mean age of the participants was 69.81 (8.32) years. The health status was reported excellent and bad by 4.2% and 9.4% of the participants, respectively. The prevalence of fall in recent year, memory disorder, hearing and visual impairment, and malnutrition were 35.3%, 15.6%, 30.3%, 56.6%, and 8.9%, respectively. The prevalence of dependency in "activity of daily living" and "instrumental activity of daily living" were 25.8% and 58.2%, respectively.
It seems that the prevalence of malnutrition, impaired ADL and IADL, and memory impairment in the older population of Sistan and Baluchestan are above the national and global averages.