فصلنامه مددکاری اجتماعی
سال ششم شماره 20 (تابستان 1396)

This study investigates the effectiveness of Fisher’s rebuilding after divorce seminar on post-divorce adjustment and satisfaction with life in divorced women.
The statistical populations of this study were all divorced women in Arak city, Iran, who have been divorce for less than five years in 2017. Thirty-four women were recruited using convenience sampling and were divided into control and experimental groups seventeen persons each group. Fisher’s divorce adjustment scale(FDAS 2004) and satisfaction with life scale(SWLS 1985) were administered as pretest and posttest for both groups. The experimental group participated in eight sessions, two hours each, rebuilding after divorce seminar while the control group did not receive any treatment.
Results show that rebuilding after divorce seminar was effective on divorce adjustment and satisfaction in life in divorced women.(P Based on the findings of this study, it could be concluded that Fisher Rebuilding seminar is an effective intervention and can be used to improve post-divorce adjustment and satisfaction with life in divorced women.

Nowadays, various reasons have come to play in order to improve the process of guidance and counseling and to consider as an integral part of education system. The emerge of diverse problems and needs in today's societies; have doubled the importance and need for advice and guidance. The aim of this study was to evaluate, the qualitative assessment of counseling services in the parent-teacher conference; in solving the client's problems.
This qualitative research was a case study. The study population consisted of clients of the family counseling centers of parent-teacher conference organization of Tehran. The study population thirteen active education counseling centers. Forty-five clients who have turned to these centers because of psychopathy problems, educational problems, learning disorders, family problems, social problems and economic problems; were selected and surveyed. The researcher evaluated the indices with a semi-structured interview with a before and after consulting checklist. Interpretive analysis method has been used for analysis of data.
Less than fifty percent of the conducted counselings led to positive effects. The lowest level of effectiveness one was related to counselings, had been done for the students with incongruity with parents issue, and the most effective one was the counselings, had been done for the students with learning disorders issue.
The results explained that provided consulting services are not satisfactorily qualitative. An important part of this inefficiency was the counseling process and the inability of counselors to solve clients problems. What led to such problem was factors such as counselors inability to identify the issue and to provide aiding programmes and therapeutic approach.

People with disabilities, in terms of their position, are one of the society groups who are in greatest need of support. Because disability affects people health and psychological well-being, for most of them coping with this condition are difficult. This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of existential group psychotherapy on psychological well-being and distress tolerance of physical-motor disabled.
Method of this study was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest and a control group. Statistical population of this study was all physical-motor disabled people in region two of Tehran, in 2015. Among whom sixty clients of Raad physical-motor disabled rehabilitation center who were willing to cooperate, selected and randomly assigned to two groups(experimental and control groups; thirty persons each), as the accessible sample. The experimental group received eight sessions(ninety minutes each) but the control group received none. As pretest and posttest, Well-being scale(1989) and Simons and Gohler distress tolerance questionnaires were administered to both groups. The data were analyzed by analysis of covariance by SPSS20 software.
Results showed that there was significant difference between two groups in distress tolerance;(P Regarded to results of this research; it's suggested that counselors, therapists, and clinical psychologist could use existential group psychotherapy method; to improve psychological well-being and distress tolerance of physical-motor disabled.

In today's world, men and women live together in different ways. According to statistics; cohabitation as a new form of living together is increasing. Since cohabitation challenged family institution, logical facing to these challenges is a must and need policymaking. Policymaking, in turn, requires an understanding of the factors leading to cohabitation. So this review article aimed to examine the determinants of cohabitation.
This article is a systematic review article. Cohabitation keyword was searched in most important Persian and English databases limited to years between 2000 to 2016. Finally, twelve articles were selected and reviewed.
The results explained three factors affect tend to cohabitation. At the macro level, liberal and neoliberal policies, commodification and fluidity of modern life; in the middle level, family status, religion and culture; and in the micro level, wellbeing, economic rationality, age, gender, and education; were determinants of tending to cohabitation.
The tendency to cohabitation could be reduced by changing in economic and social policies, facilitate the marriage condition, creating economic security, eliminating gender-based discrimination and providing training for young.

Because of the important role of different psychological factors, which influence the experiences of elderly. The current study presents a comparative study of feeling lonely between retired and labor elderly men.
This research is kind of non-empirical and casual-comparative(ex post facto) studies. The statistical population of this study was all of the retired or labor elderly men of the Qorveh County(Kurdistan province); who were evaluated in 2016. Sample group consisted of 292 men(146 labor and 146 retired elderly men); who were selected through convenience sampling method. The participants were evaluated through the loneliness scale of University of California at Los Angeles(UCLA). For the comparison of the two group averages, the student's t-test was used. For data analyzing; analysis of variance(ANOVA) was also used.
According to the findings of this study, there was a significant difference between the loneliness experience of the retired and labor elderly men. As well, the elderly workers experience a greater extent of loneliness.(P Occupational and social status affects the loneliness experience. The lower quality of the occupational status and its social evaluation leads to a greater extent of loneliness. Meanwhile, the elderly labors report more extent of loneliness; which confirms this issue.

One of the most important problems in metropolises is slum and marginalized areas which affected by social issues and also affect them. Purpose of this article is to report community social work intervention with local development model based on antidiscrimination theory, in Farahzad area of Tehran.
Case: In order to conduct community internship, the social worker conducted his activities in Farahzad during the six stages of assessment; choosing the model of community-based social work intervention, holding a social mobilization meeting, forming a local team and holding weekly meetings, designing and implementing local projects, and evaluation. These interventions were based on the local development model and anti-discrimination theory. The main problems of the neighborhood were identified with the participation of the members of the neighborhood, and after choosing the appropriate solution, measures were taken to reduce the identified problems. Based on rapid situation analysis of Farahzad, the most important problems included drug use and distribution, the presence of street children, the lack of security, cultural poverty, health problems, roadside problems, the educational problems of children and domestic violence. Based on the nominal group technique, the problems were; personal and environmental hygiene, domestic violence, educational problems, and group strategies include education for children and education for families. The details of these interventions are described as a case report in this article.

Community-based interventions in marginalized areas of metropolitan cities can lead to sensitize locals to their problems and increase their participation; so that they can change what they are dissatisfied with.