دو ماهنامه بررسی های بازرگانی
سال چهاردهم شماره 80 (آذر و دی 1395)

Companies are constantly looking for new operational ways that enable them to improve their competitive position and gain competitive advantage. One of these methods is to reengineer previous business models and to innovate new models; that is to search for competitive advantage based on the value of innovation in the business model. The main purpose of this paper is to study the issue of innovation in the business model and to gain value through this. With the conceptualization of innovation in the business model and its types, it examines literature and determines the impact of factors such as size, age, coalition experience, and the duration of the company's coalition on innovation in business model and value creation. This research has a practical objective, in terms of nature, quality and library method of data collection (secondary studies, meta-synthesis) and is based on an online study of information sources. The paper concludes that bigger companies are more capable of grasping the value of innovation in the business model, and older firms, due to aging, have less flexibility to innovate in the business model. Also, more experience in the coalition and its longer duration will lead to an increase in the idea of innovation in the business model.

For an in-depth analysis of the petrochemical industry, out of 30 petrochemical complexes we drew a sample of 18 companies having a similar fiscal year with their audited financial statements for the first half of 1393 and 1394 being accessible on the Stock Exchange official website. An overview of integrated audited financial statements was indicative of increased production, dampened sale as well as an unwanted inventory growth. Major long term investment activities involved financial investment and purchase of other petrochemical companie's stocks with an aim to increase diversity of ownership. Moreover, payment of dividends to shareholders represents a major cash outflow and thereby triggered corporate default. Based on the results of a study aimed at investigating the relationship between financial performance and scale, export-orientation and feedstock used in petrochemical complexes, we suggest the following: Corrections of article 90 of Trade Law with regards to dividend payment Pursuant to paragraph 4, article 34 of the Banking and Monetary Act, Revision be made to facilities and macro commitments regulations Issuance of business license and permits esp. for gas-based complexes in border areas Development of a resilient mechanism for feedstock pricing Correction of paragraph b, article 1 of the Targeted Subsidies Law with an aim to support export Facilitating the implementation of article 30 of Law on Elimination of Barriers to Competitive Production Improving the financial system.

Global economy, growing importance of innovations as well as wide use of technologies have changed the banking business worldwide. Financial technologies (FinTech) have become an integral part of banking. Start-up service providers, search engines, and social networks have expanded their services “interfering” in the fields traditionally covered by banks. The rapid rise of FinTech has changed the business landscape in banking asking for more innovative solutions.Some members of the financial services industry see the boom in FinTech as a threat to traditional banking industry. Others believe that FinTech has become a challenge that can be turned into an opportunity as it provides more flexibility, better functionality in some areas, and aggregation of services. The aim of the paper is to analyse the recent trends in banking, identifying opportunities and risks of FinTech for banks.The authors have studied the development of the financial innovation and technology market, assessed the existing practices applied in the field of FinTech, identified the main risks related to development of FinTech and financial innovations the banks are exposed to on the micro and macro level. The paper provides practical recommendations to commercial banks for strengthening the position in financial innovations and controlling the risks associated with introduction of financial innovations.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that affect obtaining the bank loans in cooperatives in Golestan province. For this purpose, by dividing the cooperatives of Golestan province into three types of cooperatives: manufacturing, agriculture and rural; the probability of success in obtaining bank loans by cooperatives was investigated considering the size of the cooperative, the age of the cooperative and the industry of cooperative activity. The results of estimating the Logit model in a sample of 81 cooperative firms show that the age and size of a cooperative increase the probability of obtaining a bank loan. In addition, the results showed that among the types of cooperatives examined, the possibility of obtaining and receiving loans by rural cooperatives was higher than agricultural and manufacturing cooperatives.

The concept of competitiveness has attracted abundant attentions of both scholars and governors during the past decade. During this period, the World Economic Forum has published its annual reports which encompass Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) in order to measure national competitiveness in different countries. This research aims at investigating the interaction between the two sets of “Higher education and training” and “Labor market efficiency” as the two basic pillars of national competitiveness in order to provide information for improving national competitiveness. In our study, we used descriptive-correlation methodology. The statistical population was144 countries whose GCI data were included in GCI 2014–2015 report. Also, we employed Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) to investigate interaction between two sets of “Higher education and training” and “Labor market efficiency”. Our findings show that there is a significant and positive relationship between the set of “Higher education and training” and “Labor market efficiency”.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the value chain activities on the economic value of active cooperatives in Birjand city. Questions and hypotheses are based on the value chain model of Porter in the development activities. In Porter's model organizations activities have main parts, and support (backup) activities. The research, conducted using cross-correlation and data collection, field-work. The data is collected by questionnaire. The sample included 134 executives of trade unions in the city of Birjand. According to Morgan table randomly Research questionnaires were distributed among managers. Research data is fitted through the software SPSS and PLS and using partial least squares and regression model. The findings of this study suggest that value chain activity affects the economic value add.

Nowadays, the concept of brand equity that seemed difficult to understand, has attracted academics and students. Employee commitment to the brand, is a prerequisite for employee-based brand equity. This study, in terms of functional objectives and data collection, is a descriptive-measurement one. The participants of the study are some selected employees of Isfahan hotels. The sample using Cochran Sampling Formula, based on information obtained from Isfahan Cultural Heritage and the staff of the hotels was 290 people, According to above formula the sample size was determined 184 people. And using simple casual sampling, structural equation modeling is used.
The findings revealed that employee's perceived of the brand importance, knowledge dissemination and brand role clarity have a positive and meaningful effect on the brand employee commitment and also on the employee-based brand equity and there is a positive and significant relationship between brand employee commitment and employee-based brand equity. This research is a novel step in examining the antecedents required for implementing the new approach to employee-based brand equity and brand employee commitment.