فصلنامه روانشناسی سلامت
پیاپی 24 (زمستان 1396)

This study aimed to investigate quality psychological strategies which were applied by MS patients.
A phenomenological approach was adopted using a qualitative method and 15 participants were chosen none randomly on the basis of their availability. Deep interviews were carried out with fifteen MS patients and detailed information obtained from these interviews was analyzed using the Colizzi and the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis methods.
Result of the present study indicated that two major categories in applied psychological strategies can be identified. Each of which was consist of several sub-categories. These were labeled as follows: 1. Defense mechanisms; “pathologic”, “neurotic”, “immature” and “mature”. 2. Coping strategies; “problem-focused coping”, “emotion-focused coping” and “coping based on spirituality and religion”.
Use “denial” as a most common defense mechanism with the “neurotic” and “immature” defense mechanism lead to reduce the level of individual ability in dealing with disease. Although each of the three categories of coping strategies was used but often the participants use the emotion-focused coping. In most common case, using of “denial” as a defense mechanism was viewed in relation with “seeking social support” and “avoidance – escape” as a coping strategy. Adaptive coping and religion/ spirituality strategies was used in patients with higher levels of self-integrity.

Chronic kidney disease is One of the common physical diseases in human societies which can affect people's mental health. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of social support and resilience in predicting the quality of life among adolescents with chronic kidney disease.
The research design of this study is correlation type and a component of regression. 140 adolescents 19-13 years of dialysis centers in Tehran were selected by accessible sampling procedure. The Connor-Davidson Resilience questionnaire (2003), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and Quality of Life Questionnaire of World Health Organization were administered to them.
Analysis of data using a regression analysis revealed that there is a relationship between the resilience and social support and the quality of life of adolescents with chronic kidney disease, the social support and resilience affect the quality of life of patients.
it can be said that increase resiliency and social support in patients will improve their quality of life. Therefore it is necessary to pay attention to their psychological conditions alongside their physical conditions.

The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of web-based physical activity program interventions on the rate of physical activity and psychological well-being in adolescents with insufficient physical activity.
The research methodology is semi-experimental including pretest-posttest design.the Number of 60 adolescents with insufficient physical activity (15-17 years old) from Tabriz city were selected in non-probability purposive sampling. Participants were randomly assigned to equal groups: experimental group (web-based physical activity intervention, 24 programs during 8 weeks) (N= 30) and control group (without intervention) (N=30). Participants completed a series of questionnaires which assess the amount of Physical Activity (light, mild, vigorous and total) and Psychological Well-being (positive and negative affect, subjective vitality).
The results showed that Web-based physical activity intervention has a significant effect on the amount of physical activity (light, moderate, vigorous, and total), and on psychological well-being (positive affect, negative affect, and subjective vitality).
Overall, these findings suggest that the use of web-based physical activity intervention can lead to promoting in physical activity and psychological well-being among sedentary adolescents.

Scientists have always been interested in the mutual relationship between psychological and physical health. Besides, the emotion regulation strategies as the moderator play a great role in this relationship. The aim of the present study was to explore how repressiveness and mindfulness may play a role as a moderator in the effects of psychological distress on the physical symptoms.
In this regard, 271 Iranian university students answered the short-form of the Weinberger Adjustment Inventory, the Mindful Attention and Awareness Scale, and the Bartone Symptoms checklist.
The result of the hierarchical regression analysis showed the moderating effect of repressiveness and mindfulness. This means, in high distress, those with high mindfulness and those with high repressiveness, reported lower scores in physical symptoms. Whilst, in the low distress, those with high repressiveness, reported more scores in physical symptoms than those with low repressiveness.
These results are discussed in terms of adaptivity of the mindfulness and repressor's overly positive self-evaluations in the different distress situations.

overweight is a health problem in every society. The current research has aimed at investigating the effectiveness of positive psychology intervention on self-control, eating styles and body mass index in the overweight women.
This study were a semi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. The statistical population of this study included female students of the Payame Noor University of Rezvanshahr. Subjects were screened using the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The samples of this research was 34 persons, who had overweight and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. All of the sample groups completed self-control and eating styles Scales. Also, BMI was calculated by dividing weight (kg) by height squared (m2). Positive psychology intervention was conducted during 14 sessions in experimental group while the control group did not receive any treatment.
The results show positive psychology intervention has significant impacts on self-control, eating styles and body mass index in the overweight women.
Positive psychology interventions are effective to promote physical and psychological health.Therefore, it is suggested that this intervention applies for overweight and obesity treatment.

Impulsiveness has been robustly associated with alcohol and drug misuse, but have received little attention in the context of food addiction. The goal of the current study was to examine the interrelationships between impulsiveness, food addiction, and Body Mass Index (BMI).
The design of this project was correlational. 60 female students selected using available sampling among female students of Shiraz University.They completed the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale to assess impulsive personality traits, the Yale Food Addiction Scale to assess patterns of addictive consumption of food and provided weight and height to generate BMI. To analyze the data, the software of SPSS22 and AMOS22, the statistical methods of descriptive indexes and path analysis were conducted.
Impulsiveness predicted food addiction (F= 17, > ρ 0.0001) and BMI (F= 1, > ρ 0.0001), also food addiction predicted BMI (F= 1.06, > ρ 0.0001). Impulsivity was found to be indirectly associated with BMI by way of associations with addictive consumption of food (RMSEA= 0.0001).
Dispositional impulsivity, routinely associated with high-risk behaviors including addictive consumption of alcohol and drugs, may be an important risk factor when considering tendency to engage in addictive consumption of food. Monitoring food addiction symptoms early may help reduce the likelihood that compulsive food consumption patterns result in weight gain and obesity.

There is evidence of a relationship between mind and body about pain. The aim of this study was to study the structural relations among chronic pain, mindfulness and behavioral activation and inhibition systems.
The present research is descriptive-correlative, retrospective, and cross-sectional.In this research from 300 students, 166 students with chronic pain from the Payam-E-Noor University of Tehran were selected by voluntary and available sampling. McGill pain questionnaire, and five-facet mindfulness scale and behavioral activation and inhibition systems scale were used as research tools for data collection.Data were analyzed using correlation and structural equation.
The results showed that the hypothesized model fit is good and acceptable. Behavioral Activation System has a direct and negative effect on pain) β=0/38) and behavioral inhibition system direct and positive effect on pain) β=0/36). The Behavioral Activation System through the mediation of mindfulness has an indirect effect on pain and behavioral inhibition system through mindfulness has an indirect effect on pain.
It can be concluded that behavioral activation and inhibition systems and mindfulness important determinants of pain.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy(ACT) based on type D personality and adherence to treatment in patients with coronary heart moderating role of working memory and prospective memory.
This experimental study was performed in congruent multiple baseline single case study design with six-week follow-up. Five men with heart disease were selected with using purposeful sampling method. The efficacy of treatment Protocol was evaluated in three phase (Baseline, treatment and follow-up) by using the Type D personality questionnaire, Prospective Memory Questionnaire, Wechsler working memory test and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. Data analyzed with visuals inspection, improvement percentage, and reliable change index strategies.
Results showed that intervention based ACT is both clinically and statistically (p Adherence .
the ACT has appropriate efficacy in reducing Type D personality and increase Prospective Memory, working memory and adherence to treatment.

Surgery in the treatment of breast cancer is one of the most common treatments. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on body image, life expectancy , and happiness in women with mastectomy experience.
This research was a semi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design with the control group. The statistical population of this study was breast cancer women with mastectomy in Tehran. In this study, 30 patients participated voluntarily and the participants were randomly assigned into two groups of 15 individuals. The experimental group received positive psychotherapy in 90-minute sessions for 6 sessions, while the control group did not receive any intervention. To collect the data, The Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (1990), the Adult Dispositional Hope Scale of Snyder (1991) and Oxford Happiness Inventory (1989) were used.
Analysis of data by multivariate analysis of covariance showed that positive psychotherapy had a significant positive effect on life expectancy and happiness in women’s with mastectomy experience.
According to the results, the use of positive psychotherapy in the treatment of women with breast surgery experience is recommended.