مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جیرفت
سال یکم شماره 1 (پاییز و زمستان 1393)

Infertility is when a couple have been having unprotected regular intercourse for one year without pregnancy. Fallopian tubes play important roles in infertility and are known as curable reasons of infertility. To examine the fallopian tubes, laparoscopy is golden standard test, but HSG (Hysterosalpingography) has been suggested as screening test in clinical evaluations because laparoscopy has side effects. The aim of this study was comparing of Hysterosalpingography with Laparoscopy findings in patients with primary and secondary infertility.
In this study, all patients with infertility referred to Fatemeh Al-Zahra infertility center from 2002 to 2009 whom have been investigated by HSG and then laparoscopy were included. Demographic characteristics and HSG and laparoscopy findings and infertility type were recorded from their files. In order to comparing of each method's findings, data were recorded to 18th version of SPSS software and then get analyzed.
In diagnosis of adhesion around the tubes, the degree of agreement of findings of HSG and Laparoscopy in both patients with primary and secondary infertility was poor. In diagnosis of womb abnormalities, the degrees of agreement of findings of HSG and Laparoscopy in both groups were medium and in diagnosis of womb tube obstruction, degree of agreement in patients with primary infertility was medium and in secondary infertility it was good.
According to findings of this study, HSG findings are reliable in diagnosing womb abnormalities and womb tube obstruction, but not reliable in diagnosing tube side adhesion.

Nowadays, socioeconomic status (SES) is an important predictor of morbidity and mortality and also is very important for disease prevention and intervention efforts in health policy activities. In this article, while reviewing the history, different levels and techniques of measuring socioeconomic status, the application of "Principal component analysis" in studies of the relationship between socioeconomic status and health status was investigated.
To search for articles in this review study, the databases PubMed, Science Direct, Google scholar and inside the country databases used. Search by key words: Principal component analysis, Socioeconomic status, Health status was conducted. Finally, the 36 references between the years of 2000 and 2014 and four relevant and valid references before 2000 which were more consistent with the subject and objectives of the study selected for report and presented in form of a review article.
Review of existing evidence indicates that SES is a very complex and multidimensional issue and there is no gold standard method for its measuring and because some of this measurement such as income, occupation, consumption or expenditure is not simply possible or reliable, therefore researchers use other proxies as alternate representative. To accumulate a large number of variables in one or more proxies, different methods can be used. The most common of them is principal component analysis (PCA) that is a multivariate statistical technique for reducing the number of variables in a data set without losing too much information.
Socioeconomic status is associated with a broad range of health outcomes and Principal component analysis is a good way for weighting the SES variables in studies of SES and Health.

Nowadays, one of the most important factors in employee’s motivation and dynamism is learning. Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is also a discretionary and extra-role behavior that plays a vital role in the effective function of the organization. In this study, the relationship between learning organization and organizational citizenship behavior was examined.
This analytical research was done through cross-sectional method in Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences of Yazd, Iran, 2013. The research population was comprised from the university employees. A total of 150 employees contributed in the study. The required data was gathered using 2 valid questionnaires including learning organization questionnaire and OCB questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the reliability of theses questionnaires were 0.974 and 0.89, respectively. Validity was confirmed by experts. Data analyzed through SPSS16.
Among dimensions of the learning organization, the question and dialogue achieved highest score and share learning achieved lowest score. There was not a significant positive relationship between learning organization and OCB. Gender, work experience and education level had no significant relationship with OCB.
Among dimensions of the learning organization, only the question and dialogue had a significant positive correlation with OCB. It means that the improvement of OCB through education increase arguably the culture of question and dialogue in the organization.

Students makes up a broad part of the working population in each country. In countries around the world including our country has a wide range of psychological problems among students. The purpose is determining correlation between mental health with kindness and Assertiveness.
The presented descriptive cross sectional study is conduct on 400 person of student’s Islamic Azad University Marvdasht Branch by cluster sampling in 2012. Using 3 questionnaires about mental health, kindness and Assertiveness, required information were collected and analyzed. Using standard questionnaires Pramvd Kumar, compassion and firmness Ratus data were collected. Then, all data analyzed with Pierson correlation coefficient and t-test analysis and SPSS17 software.
The results showed a significant association between mental health with kindness and assertiveness. (p=0.001). Also, there are significant associations between sex and marital status with mental health, age and job status with assertiveness and also mental health with job status (p Whereas kindness and assertiveness are effective variables of students’ mental health, it must be educational and cultural role of the family and school so respected, because of its intellectual and moral basic effect/influence on the future of community.

4-chlorophenol is one of the chlorinated phenolic compounds that are like to other phenolic compounds is toxic to organisms and can accumulate in their bodies biologically. So far, a variety of methods are used in order to remove these contaminants from water and wastewater. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of an electrochemical system to the removal of 4-chlorophenol from contaminated waters.
This is an experimental study where a 500 ml electrochemical cell was used that consist of stainless steel as anode and graphite as cathode. The effect of some factors included pH, current density, initial concentrations of 4-chlorophenol, the concentration of salts NaCl and Na2SO4 as supporting electrolyte and the effect of the duration of the electrolysis process were examined.
There were direct relationship between 4-chlorophenol removal efficiency and pH, current density, and supporting electrolyte concentration. With the raising of 4-chlorophenol initial concentration, the removal efficiency was decreased. The best performance of 4-chlorophenol removal efficiency (over 99%) was gained at pH 11, current density of 10 mA/cm2, and NaCl and Na2SO4 concentrations of 20 and 3.5 mM, respectively.
Electrochemical technology is able to remove the 4-chlorophenol with high efficiency from contaminated waters. It is possible to use this technics to remove the content of 4-chlorophenol when there are the right amounts of soluble salts as supporting electrolyte. In this way, there is the possibility of achieving more than 99% efficiency of removal of the 4-chlorophenol.

Production and assembly of Poly Van light structures is a new industry. Unknown hazards may be seen during use of new technologies and industries. This study was done in order to identify the risk management of this hazards resulting from the new technology in Iran.
This practical study was done at four major units of Poly Van House factory using FMEA method for identification and prioritization of hazards in equipment related to the production process. This method helped researchers to identify effects of potential hazards on the production system, source of hazards, hazard rate, and severity of hazards in the workplace.
In this study a number of 137 hazards were identified, that 60 of them were known as hazards with significant risk (RPN>300). Range of calculated RPN was between 162 and 720. Among evaluated hazards, high risk priority numbers were seen in hazardous operation and equipment respectively as follows: furnace torch without safety control, load falling from overhead crane, exposure to the chemical gases and vapors arising from foam injection operations. Contacting hot metal sheets in resistance welding has the minimum risk priority number.
With drew attention to the key point that production of Poly Van light structures is a new technology, a good hazard record keeping and documentation system related to incidents and equipments can produce basic information for later safety analysis. Also we can minimize possibility of occurring hazards and their outcomes with more safety inspections and preventive maintenance.

Considering that physical and mental health decrease quality and quantity of academic situation of students, attention to their General Health and emotional needs is important. Thus, this study examines the general health of students and some related factors.
In this cross-sectional study, students of Kerman University of Medical Sciences were examined by a multi-stage sampling method on June 2012. Data were collected by a three-part questionnaire including demographic information, potential factors related to General Health and the GHQ-28. We used descriptive- analytical statistics.
Among 363 students, 33.6 percent of them were suspected of mental or physical disorders. General health had a direct relationship with economic status and physical activity and also an indirect and significant relationship with family size (P Results showed that nearly a third of the students are suffering from some degree of mental and physical problems that are most important. According to known risk factors, such as lack of physical activity and poor economic situation and trying to influence them can possibly have a great role in improving the situation.

Any surgery has some complications which Rhinoplasty is not an exception. The aim of the study was investigating self-reported Rhinoplasty complications and problems.
the descriptive study carried out on 300 people in Yazd city who had Rhinoplasty. Participants were entered in the study with a convenience sampling from urban areas of Yazd city. Data were collected using a researcher made questionnaire which it's validity and reliability was approved by a panel of experts.
Most participants in this study, women made up %92. mostly reported complications of Rhinoplasty included : brightness of nose skin(%41.7), face darkness (%31.0), nose obstruction(%24.3) repeated Rhinoplasty(%22.7), nose irritated in cold weather(%22.7). Eye irritation and tear(%3.3), Sore throat(%3.0), , nausea and vomiting(%2.7) and lowering of nose tip(%2.0) were less reported complications of that.
face darkness, noise irritation in cold weather and increase of nasal secretions were reported as main complications of Rhinoplasty. Therefore, planning educational programs about Rhinoplasty based on the results of current study for students is recommended in order to reducing demand for Rhinoplasty.