فصلنامه پژوهش های حقوق تطبیقی عدل و انصاف
پیاپی 1 (بهار 1397)

The necessity of respecting the contract is to fulfill its obligations, so that failure to perform contractual obligations guarantees several performances, the most important of which is the compulsory and termination of the transaction in the legal system of Iran and Islamic jurisprudence. For example, the enforcement of the sentence or order from the court Or other law enforcement agencies that oblige the person to carry out an objective investigation of what he has undertaken, or in the event of a refusal to comply with a warrant or order, by a court with his or her legal remedies through enforcement agents or third parties, or if the obligation is committed by the person concerned With physical and financial pressures, he has to force him to fulfill his obligation The burden, which forms the most important part of the present article, is in direct and indirect fashion, and these two types of coercion are distinct according to the subject of engagement And in cases where a vested party has a direct obligation to do so, and the vendor can only demand his indemnity through indirect coercion, and if he fails to fulfill the obligation, he will be obliged to terminate the committed area, so for the importance of the matter In this article, after mentioning, we will give a general overview of the concept of commitment and types of commitment to the validity of the subject as contractual obligations, and will conclude.

One of the topics that are discussed in the field of private law is the concept of damages and the ways in which it is compensated. In all legal systems, what is certain is that, if damage occurs, it must be compensated. Damage may also be material, spiritual or physical. One of the issues where compensation is important is the issue of "illegal detention". The criminal procedure that is carried out in order to prosecute and prosecute the offender sometimes goes unpunished, and instead of condemning the guilty, criminal will be prosecuted. In the process of prosecution, a large number of these people are innocent and the court sentences them to be acquitted. It is clear to anyone that arrests and imprisonment of individuals not only detrimental to the individual in the custody and supervision of his or her family, but also cause spiritual intercourse and spiritual damages and dignity over their family members. When these arrests and imprisonment are illegal, these emotions and emotional injuries will be much greater. At this time, the key question that is posed is whether these individuals can compensate for their material and spiritual losses. How do I get out of this arrest? Or is there a right for them in this regard?

Administrative offenses can be divided into three categories: first, offenses that can only be committed in the administrative environment or administrative hours, such as leaving the service during office hours, and ... 2. Offenses committed both during office hours and Outside of the office environment, such violations may be punishable in the courts for investigating administrative offenses committed by employees. The use of drugs or drug addiction... Third, administrative offenses with criminal offenses, some acts or abandonment of acts that are considered by the legislator to be an offense are also criminal offenses such as embezzlement, bribery, etc. These types of administrative offenses are called criminal offenses. In the legal system of Iran, examples of special violations of education staff are: 1. Provide answers to test questions to students before conducting examinations; 2. Declare student admittance without eligibility; 3. Forgive a degree; 4. Submit a fake document to the relevant department to use the relevant benefits; 5. Register The name of the student is a low-aged; 6-company is one of the staff in the test ... instead of another employee; and... In the legal system of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the handling of administrative offenses of the staff of the Nursing and Nursing staff is addressed through initial and review boards, as well as the Administrative Justice Court. The present study, in light of its adaptive mission, examines the violations of the Iranian education staff in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Azerbaijan.

Human rights are those rights that human beings enjoy because of being human beings, regardless of the circumstances of the social variable or the degree to which they are individually competent. The answer to this assumption is that there is a series of norms, principles, and rights that are universally applicable and applicable to all human beings in different societies, since all individuals have rights for human beings without any society or government Cannot deny them. For this reason, they have stated in the definition of human rights: "Human rights are the general privileges that every human being naturally possesses. Imam Sajjad (as) has been mentioned in three books of "Towaf al-Qoul" by Ibn Shubra Harari (381 AH), "Man La Yehzayar al-Fakheh" and "Al-Hayal" by Mohammad bin Ali ibn Babaroyi, known as Sadouq (382 AH). What is contained in this essay is in fact the expression of tasks that a person has in relation to different individuals, so it may be argued that this treatise does not mean the rights of today's rights. But it can be said that given that these duties have been raised to all people in the community and everyone can have such a request, these duties can be expressed in the form of a statement of the "general rights" from the viewpoint of Imam Sajjad.

Trademark as an intellectual product of humans and immaterial movables, including industrial property rights, is often used in commodities and its role is to introduce the origin of the product and to inform the consumer of the specific quality of the product that makes that mark has a companion. Regarding the importance of legal and economic trademarks, it is essential to investigate and understand it for the owners of the industries and the producers of the goods and the providers of services, and the law of law as the regulator of the above-mentioned communication can be recognized. The principles of this institution are of great help. With this view, the present article attempts to identify and clarify the trademark in the Iranian legal system with an attitude of international conventions.