فصلنامه روانشناسی سلامت
پیاپی 26 (تابستان 1397)

The aim of this study was to compare body image disorder, body dysmorphic disorder and fashion trend in cosmetic surgery applicants and non-applicants. The present study is a causal-comparative and sampling method was available method. The sample size was 300 that 150 people applicant for cosmetic surgery and 150 was non-applicant. Data collection tools included body image, body dysmorphic and fashion trends questionnaires. Data were analized by analyse of variance and logistic regression. Findings showed that there is a significant difference between means of body image disorder (F= 19/95, p< 0/01), body dysmorphic disorder (F= 25/49, p< 0/01) and fashion trends (F= 7/82, p< 0/01) in two groups of cosmetic surgery applicants and non-applicants. Also, data indicated that body dysmorphic disorder (Exp (B) = 0/86, p < 0/01, wald = 39/81) is significantly predicted to the willingness or unwillingness to cosmetic surgery in individuals. individuals with abnormal body image, body dysmorphic and fashion trends to be seen in them more aptly to perform cosmetic surgery.

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of emotion regulation- focused cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on backache symptoms, depression and life satisfaction in women suffering from chronic backache with comorbid major depressive disorder (MDD). This study was a quasi-experimental research conducted in the form of pretest-posttest with control group. 30 women with chronic backache and comorbid MDD were selected and were included randomly in two experimental groups (n=20) and one control group (n=10). One experimental group received the emotion regulation-focused CBT and another experimental group received the ACT, with control group on a waiting list. Participants completed the McGill Pain Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and Life Satisfaction Questionnaire in the pretest and posttest. The data were analyzed using multi-variable covariance analysis. The Emotion regulation-focused CBT and the ACT reduced backache symptoms and depression, and increased life satisfaction. the results showed no significant differences between the two therapies.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of motivational interviewing in reducing emotional eating and anxiety considering the moderator role of impulsivity in obese people. This is a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and control group. 20 obese patients, who had referred to Jooyandegane Salamat, Dr. Sobhani and Rosha diet therapy clinics at Mashhad, selected voluntarily regarding inclusion criteria. ANCOVA results showed that levels of emotional eating (F(1,15)=5/89, P≤ 0/05) and anxiety (F(1,17)=6/87, P≤0/05) have significantly reduced in examination group. Also, it was found that impulsivity has not a moderator role in the effect of motivational intervention on emotional eating. the Motivational interviewing is an effective method to reduce emotional eating and anxiety in obese people and so is a way to help them control their weight

The motivation for various activities is strongly influenced by individual perceptions of one’s activities toward those activities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between situational motivation and perceived intensity of exercise in obese women to predict a change in positive effect from a Pilates exercise session. In this quasi-experimental study, 17 obese women with a mean weight of 87.4 ± 0.10, age 39.10 ± 10.0, and a body mass index of 35.9 ± 3.5 voluntarily participated. They responded to the positive affective questionnaire and situational motivation scale before the exercise program. Then performed Pilates training and immediately after the training, they again completed the positive affective questionnaire. The perceived was also measured after exercise. Data were analyzed by paired t-test and hierarchical regression. The results showed a significant difference in the level of positive affect after-before exercise (P≤0.05). Predictive regression analysis was a positive effect on the interaction of internal motivation and perceived severity, as well as their interaction with the identified adjustment factor (P≤0.05). The current findings showed that Pilates exercises improve positive effect in obese women, also internal motivation was seen to be a strong predictor. According to the finding, strengthening the internal motivation in obese women is recommended for physical activity and attaining the positive effect of it.

This study examined the mediating effect of psychological resilience on the relationship between cognitive appraisal processes and perceived social support with health behaviors and emotional well-being. In a sample consisting of 409 boy adolescents, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Special Support (MSPSS), the Stress Appraisal Measure-Revised (SAM-R), Adolescent Resilience Scale (ARS), Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II (HPLP-II) and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) were administered. Structural equation modeling was used to assess the mediating effects model of psychological resilience on the relationship between cognitive appraisal processes and perceived social support with health behaviors and emotional well-being. Results showed that the complete mediated model of psychological resilience on the relationship between cognitive appraisal processes and perceived social support and health behaviors and emotional well-being had a good fit to data. Furthermore, all of the regression weights in the hypothesized model were statistically significant and the psychological resilience variable accounted for 25%, 12% and 11% of the variance in health behavior, positive affect, and negative affect, respectively. In sum, these findings show that the part of the available variance in health behaviors and subjective well-being in the context of prediction these behavioral and emotional models by cognitive appraisals and perceived social support accounted for adolescents' psychological resilience.

The present research aimed at examining the comparison the effectiveness of imagery rescripting and reprocessing therapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction on insomnia and negative automatic thoughts in cancer women. This research method was semi experimental with pretest-posttest design. Using Kendal & Hollon`s negative automatic thoughts and Morien`s insomnia intensity questionnaires, 42 women of cancer who had negative automatic thoughts and insomnia were randomly selected and were voluntarily assigned in two experimental and one control group (each group was 14). The first experimental group received 7 sessions IRRT techniques based on the Smoker`s educational package (once a week) and the second experimental group received 8 sessions MBSR techniques based on the Kabat-Zinn’s educational package (once a week) and the control group did not receive any training in this field. After executing the IRRT and MBSR, negative automatic thoughts and insomnia of the members of the three groups were measured again. Multivariate covariance analysis (Man Cova) was used to analyze data. Calculated F for negative automatic thoughts and insomnia showed a significant difference in all three groups, also IRRT has also been more effective in reducing negative automatic thoughts than MBSR but these two therapeutic methods have no significant difference in insomnia. In general, this research indicated that the IRRT and MBSR method can be considered an effective intervention in reducing negative automatic thoughts and insomnia in women with cancer.

Just as the researchers always pay attention to the factors related to the Physical health, therefore, the present study considered Prediction of physical health based on academic stressors and humor styles in the university students. Students of Ahwaz Payam- Noor University are the statistical population of the present study, that 259 people (200 female & 59 males) were selected by multi-stage random sampling. The study design is a correlation. For collecting the research data, it was used the questionnaire of the academic stressors, humor styles & physical health established in 1396, the analysis of the findings was done by the statistical software spss & with the help of the descriptive & inferential statistics. The research results show that the academic stressors & humor styles have a negative correlation with the physical health & they have a positive correlation between the Self-defeating humor with the physical health. The resulting analysis of regression showed academic stressors & humor styles except the affiliate humor styles can anticipate & explain the physical health variables. The present study showed that in order that to reduce the bodily diseases & the academic stressors of the students, we should identify the academic stressors of the students & the ways to counter them & develop the humor styles

There are different research evidence that show similarities between addiction to drugs and consuming some kinds of foods. The purpose of this study was designing and testing a model of some antecedents of food addiction. The participants of the study were 306 undergraduate students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz (142 male and 164 female) that were selected by multistage random sampling method. The instruments were used Yale Food Addiction Scale-2, Emotional Eating Scale, Barrat Impulsivity Scale-11, Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale .the Fitness of the proposed model was examined through structural equation modeling, using SPSS-22 and AMOS-21 software packages. The indirect effects were tested using the bootstrap procedure. Findings indicated that the proposed model fits the data relatively. Direct paths from emotional dysregulation and impulsivity to food addiction, emotional dysregulation , and self-esteem to impulsivity and the indirect path from emotional dysregulation and self-esteem to food addiction with the mediating role of impulsivity were statistically significant, but the direct paths from emotional eating and self-esteem to food addiction were not significant. According to the results of this study, emotional dysregulation and impulsivity have a direct effect, and self-esteem has an indirect effect through impulsivity on food addiction.

The aim of this study was to study the memorial symptoms, rumination and post-traumatic growth in women with various types of cancer referred to public hospitals in Tehran. The research method is descriptive and correlation. For this purpose, 189 women with various types of cancer who referred to public hospitals of Tehran City were selected by convenient sampling and voluntarily. They completed the short form of Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale and Event Related Rumination Inventory. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and regression analysis. The results showed that the intensity and frequency of physical symptoms of cancer and intentional rumination have a positive and significant correlation with post-traumatic growth. Also, the physical symptoms of cancer and intentional rumination can equally predict post-traumatic growth in patients. Paying attention to the course of cancer in patients, and the psychological processes that result from the mental involvement of the patient on the outcomes of the disease can be effective in reducing the bad physical and mental symptoms of cancer and will make the treatment of illness easier for the patient.