نشریه پژوهش سلامت
سال سوم شماره 4 (پیاپی 12، تابستان 1397)

Recognizing and studying sexual tendencies and behaviors is one of the most important issues in public health, especially mental health. Sexual function is part of human life and behavior and is so intertwined with personality that it is impossible to speak of it as an independent phenomenon. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine some of the factors related to sexual function in women. The present study was a descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study. A randomized sampling method was used which was conducted on 685 women referring to health centers in Ahwaz who were eligible to enter the study. The data collection tool was a Female Sexual Function Index. Finally, the obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi square test in SPSS software (version 22). 56.8 percent of female subjects had functional impairment and 43.2% of subjects with no sexual dysfunction. The results of the analysis showed that sexual function was significantly associated with all demographic characteristics and contraceptive methods. According to the findings of the study, the relationship between demographic characteristics and contraceptives with sexual function, the detection and elimination of sexual dysfunctions in improving the quality of marital affairs has an important role in preventing family disputes and their consequences in the society

Patients with anxiety disorders experience common fears, uncertainty and anxiety and obsessive-compulsive thoughts. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of schema therapy on depression and anxiety in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. The present study was a quasi-experimental study with control group. The research population of this study was female patients referred to the psychiatrist and general practitioner who were referred to a clinical psychologist. Of these, 16 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder were selected and divided into two experimental and control groups. The patients were examined using a diagnostic interview and a second edition of the Beck Depression Inventory (2000), Beck Anxiety Inventory (1988) and Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (1977) in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up period of 2 weeks. Then, the experimental group underwent schematic therapy in 8 sessions (90 minutes), while the control group did not receive any treatment. Data were analyzed using covariance analysis. The results of this study showed that there is a significant difference between the two groups of experimental and control after the treatment in the depression and anxiety variables (P=0.01). This effect was also visible during the follow-up phase. The results of this study indicate the effect of therapeutic therapy on obsessive-compulsive disorder on the reduction of obsessive-compulsive, anxiety and depression in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Therefore, psychological treatments are useful in these patients

One of the goals of health systems is to reduce inequality in access to care and promote people's health. Decentralization in the past four decades has aimed at improving management processes and providing appropriate services. The purpose of this study was to investigate the consequences of decentralization by updating systematic review studies. This research is the result of updating the last studies on systematic review of health system's decentralization (March 2016). For this research, all original research papers on the topic were collected by searching in valid databases and qualitative evaluation was performed after removing duplicate and non-related ones. Out of the 640 founded papers, seven study were selected.Decentralization in countries with an organizational structure and appropriate local capacity improves the Governance and active participation of the community, trusts decentralized care, reducing travel distances, increasing access to treatment, achieves universal coverage, and improves all important parameters of service delivery, including quality. It also increase annual visits and reduces infant mortality that can improve access to equity and health outcomes. Decentralization provides an opportunity for community and employee participation in planning, budgeting and providing of justice in resource allocation, and thereby motivates and improves the quality of service delivery. Given that the decentralization implementation in each country depends on the political leadership, socio-economic background, pre-implementation infrastructure and managerial and technical skills at the local level, therefore, key health sector policy makers should have a deep understanding of the country's context in designing and implementing technical strategies

Obesity is a globall major public health problem, which has negative implications for health and imposes economic burden on society. Various individual and social factors are involved in developing obesity, which without considering them, the obesity prevention and treatment strategies will not be succeed. The results of different studies show that there are different effects of socioeconomic status on overweight and obesity in developed and developing countries. This means that, there is an inverse association between obesity and socioeconomic status in developed countries, while a certain pattern is not observed in developing countries. Also, the neighborhood characteristics, including access to supermarkets, restaurants, as well as green space, sports facilities, transportation, traffic and perceived social environments, can be effective in developing obesity and overweight. It is concluded that, identification of environmental factors causing obesity, will help policy makers for adopting and implementing successful obesity fighting rules

Exposure to trauma, before and during puberty has specific implications for personality development and raises risk for borderline personality disorder. The aim of this study is to determine the mediating role of positive and negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies in the relationship between childhood trauma and borderline personality features. The research method was a descriptive correlational type and the statistical population consisted of all residents of the 7th district of Karaj city in summer of 2017, among which 300 were chosen randomly and selected voluntarily. The study tools were the childhood trauma questionnaire, cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire, and borderline symptom list. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results showed that the total path coefficient that is, sum total of the direct relationship between childhood trauma and borderline personality and the indirect relationship between these two, by mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies (β=0.654, P<0.01); the direct path coefficient of the relationship between negative cognitive emotional regulation strategies and borderline personality (β=0.513, P<0.01) and the indirect path coefficient between childhood trauma and borderline personality that is, the indirect relationship by mediating role of negative emotion regulation strategies (β=0.550, P<0.01) are positive and significant at 0.01 level; In other words, it's likely to have a reason other than chance. Childhood trauma seems to prevent the development of cognitive-emotional regulation capabilities in a healthy way. Negative affect in people with a borderline personality disorder is the initiator of negative emotional strategies including rumination, which leads to deeper self-blame and other-blame thinking that ultimately leads to symptoms of borderline personality disorder

The number of physicians and hospital beds is one of the major factors affecting on health costs in the supply side, which is posited in the health economics issues called inductive demand hypothesis. According to this hypothesis, health care demand may be due to asymmetric information in health market, is influenced by the behavior of health suppliers. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluation of inductive demand health hypothesis in Iran. This study using time series data from 1979-2013 is paid to study effect of per capita the number physicians and per capita the number hospital beds on per capita health sector costs. To this purpose, the Bayesian averaging approach has been used. Also, the statistical analyzes were performed using the R software. Estimation of 40000 regressions and Bayesian averaging of coefficients shows that the effect of physician's per capita variable on per capita health sector costs with a probability of 0.49 and a coefficient of 0.20 is non- fragile and strong. However, the impact of the per capita the number hospital beds on the per capita health sector costs is fragile and meaningless. The results of the research indicate that the health inductive demand hypothesis is confirmed for the number of physician, and rejected for the number of hospital beds; Therefore, policies and strategies that will lead to a reduction in physician induced demand in the country is essential

Hope and resilience are the variables that can have positive outcomes for nurses. Among these positive outcomes, the effect of bullying on the physical health of nurses is a blow-out. The aim of this study was to determine the role of moderating the persistence and hope in relation to bullying in a hospital with psychological complaints in female nurses. The method of this research is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of this study was female nurses of a public hospital in Isfahan in 1394, of whom two hundred and forty three people were selected by available method. To collect data, three resiliency and hopefuls, a bullying questionnaire, and a psychological complaints inventory were used. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and hierarchical regression analysis. The results showed that all six components of bullying with psychological complaints had a positive and significant relationship (P=0.05), but had a negative and significant relationship with hope and resilience (P=0.01). Also, the results of hierarchical regression analysis showed that the hope and resilience of the relationship between insult and humiliation (the first component of bullying) with mental complaints are moderated. This means that when hope and resilience are at a high level, insult and humiliation with mental complaints have no meaningful relationship. But when hope and resilience are at a low level, insults and humiliation with mental complaints have a positive and significant relationship (P=0.01). The results of this study showed that resiliency and hope can buffer against bullying for psychosomatic complaints among woman nurses. The findings of current research showed that by strengthening the resiliency and hope, the negative effects of exposure to bullying on physical health in nurses can be controled.

Oxidative stress has pivotal role in many complications. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of a single session of combined training along with garlic extract supplementation on oxidative stress markers in professional girl swimmers. In this study, we purposefully chose 40 girl swimmers of Zahedan city, then were divided them into four separate groups as control, combined training along with supplement, combined training along with placebo and supplement groups. Blood samples in the first day were collected. Then, the supplement and placebo groups received two garlic tablets (800 mg/day) and starch capsules, respectively. After two weeks, a single session of combined training was performed by training placebo supplement training groups. Then, blood samples were again collected immediately after exercise. Malondialdehyde and total antioxidant capacity levels were determined by the commercial assay Kits. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA using SPSS software. The results showed that two weeks garlic supplementation and a single combined training session didn’t make a significant difference in the levels of oxidative stress indices i.e. malondialdehyde and total antioxidant capacity between groups (P>0.05). But, it seems that the total antioxidant capacity in supplement group was significantly greater than other groups. Due to the antioxidant properties of garlic, the induction of oxidative stress during exercise and the disturbance of redox balance, the present results suggest that the two weeks consumption of garlic supplementation cannot reduce or prevent oxidative stress.