مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد
سال بیست و ششم شماره 9 (پیاپی 145، آذر 1397)

Primary biliary cirrhosis is a chronic cholestatic disease of the liver, characterized by the inflammation plus progressive and non-purulent destruction of the small biliary ducts, and the presence of auto antibodies against mitochondrial self-antigens. It seems that the prevalence of PBC in the western world is more than other parts of the world. This study aimed to identify all the patients with PBC in Isfahan and describe their epidemiological and demographic characteristics. The current study was a historical (retrospective) cohort investigation, which conducted between 2009 and 2017. We conducted this study by filling out questionnaires and obtaining the patients’ records and making telephone calls with previously admitted patients. Sampling was done as a census of all patients according to the study inclusion criteria. To analyze the data. SPSS software Version 16 was used and P-value <.05 was acceptable. Chi-square test for categorical variables and descriptive statistics were used to compare the demographic and clinical variables among the studied groups. In this study, 44 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis were identified. According to the population of 2243249 people in Isfahan, the prevalence of this disease in Isfahan was 1.96 per 100,000 people. Out of these 44 individuals, 29 (76%) displayed pure primary biliary cirrhosis, and 11 people (24%) had overlap syndrome (Primary biliary cirrhosis + autoimmune hepatitis). Within the last nine years, the prevalence of primary biliary cirrhosis in Isfahan has been much lower than in European and American countries and is approximately the same as in Australia. In the present study, most primary biliary cirrhosis patients (95%) were symptomatic at the time of the diagnosis. These rsults are different from the other studies

Chronic kidney failure has a serious effect on the patients' quality of life. Nowadays, humans are not only inclined to live longer, but also they are demanding improvements in quality of life. it may be possible to improve the quality of life of those patients by low cost, easy and A little bit of a complication methods such as dialysis fluid cooling . This study was a clinical trial that randomized, crossover and double-blind. 42 hemodialysis patients were divided into two groups: 20 and 22 patients. Then, the first group received standard hemodialysis (37°c) for four weeks and simultaneously the second group received cold hemodialysis (35°c). In the second four weeks, the type of hemodialysis was changed. During this time, quality of life was assessed three times, before the study, after the completion of the first four weeks and second four weeks with using a short questionnaire of 36 quality of life questions (SF-36). For statistical analysis SPSS22 and Mann-Whitney and Friedman statistical tests were used at the significant level of P <0.05. The results showed that 45.2% of the samples were male and 54.8% were female.. After the first four weeks, the average quality of life in the cold and standard stage was 73.45 and 44.30, and after the second four weeks was 79.83 and 48.51, respectively. This means that cold hemodialysis significantly has improved quality of life based on health (P <0.001). Cold hemodialysis can improve the quality of life based on health in hemodialysis patients.

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a type of thyroid gland malignancy that originates from the anaplastic cells of this gland. This kind of malignancy is highly invasive and patients have a poor response to treatment. In this study, the effect of curcumin on apoptosis and p53 and PARP genes expression of the human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell line (SW-1736) examined. Curcumin is a major active ingredient in the rhizome of a Curcuma longa that has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and pro-apoptosis effects. The experimental study was carried out in October, 2016 at the Cellular and Developmental Research Center of Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord Branch.SW-1736 cells with different concentrations of curcumin (2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 μM) to examine apoptosis and 2.5, 5 and 10 μM concentrations to examine the expression of genes P53 and PARP were incubated for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Then, apoptosis was analyzed by flow- cytometry using an Annexin V-FITC/PI kit and the expression of p53 and PARP genes were analyzed by Real Time PCR. The results of this study indicated that with increasing concentration of curcumin in dose and time dependent manner, induction of apoptosis in this cell line increased. Also, treatment with curcumin increased the expression of p53 and PARP genes in some experimental groups compared to the control group. (P=.032) Curcumin has an inhibitory effect on the growth, proliferation and invasion of anaplastic thyroid cancer cells through induction of genes involved in apoptosis process. Therefore, it seems that there is a good research field for the use of Curcuma longa in the control and treatment of human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.

The inappropriate nutrition is one of the reasons for non-communicable diseases. Consumption of a variety of sweets with high saturated fatty acids content is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver, insulin resistance, and so on. This study was conducted with the aim of collecting information on the types and amount of saturated fatty acids in Iranian traditional sweets. A total of 369 samples (packed and unpacked) from 23 types of Iranian traditional sweets were randomly purchased from different brands in Isfahan supermarkets and their saturated fatty acid content was measured by gas chromatography. The total average of the saturated fatty acid content of all samples was 38.6% in total fat. The highest amount was found in Loz (92.4%) and the lowest content was measured in Nan-khormai and cake Yazdi (less than 20%). Most of the samples (80.5%) had 20-50% of saturated fatty acids. Saturated fatty acids of C16:0, C18:0 and C20:0 were found in all samples and C16:0 had the highest total mean of saturated fatty acid (25.9%). The labeling of some sweet products was associated with reduction in their saturated fatty acid content. Considering the high level of saturated fatty acids in some types of Iranian high consumption sweets, mandatory labeling of traditional sweets in order to enhance the consumer's awareness of the solid fats content as well as the consumer's awareness of the harmful effects of these fats on the body health can be effective in preventing various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases.

Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CONPs or nanoceria) are used as radiation protection agent, a catalyst and an insulating layer on silicon substrates. The aim of this study was optimization of condition for cerium oxide nanoparticles dispersion with anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in deionized water. This study was a cross-sectional descriptive. The dimensions, image and chemical composition of nanoceria were obtained using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). UV/VIS absorption spectrum of nanoceria suspension in the presence of SDS and Tween 20 surfactants were recorded and maximum absorption wavelength was determined. According to the SEM images taken in this study, the shape of a nanoceria was spherical, consisting of cerium with 97.9 wt% and oxide with 2.1 wt%. The dimensions of nanoparticles were determined 29.3 nm. UV/VIS maximum absorption was recorded at 318 nm. The mean sustained concentration of nanoceria suspension with 0.45 wt% of SDS had a significant increase than the presence of 0.05 wt%, 0.15 wt%, and 0.25 wt% of SDS (P-value = 0.001). An increase of 5 hours of sonication time resulted in a significant increase in the mean sustained concentration of nanoceria suspension (P-value = 0/000). An anionic surfactant SDS with an optimum weight percentage of 0.45 can be used to increase the stability of the nanoceria distribution. Furthermore, increasing the sonication time for 5 hours can be a better alternative than increasing the weight percentage of anionic surfactant SDS to achieve a stable distribution.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system. Nevertheless, the causal etiology of MS is not fully revealed and there are some neurological disorders that might have similar phenotypic manifestations with MS. Therefore, reliable and available diagnostic method is very necessary for differential diagnosis. The use of new biomarkers for faster diagnosis and selection of more efficient therapies is one of the main concerns in this area. Few studies have been conducted on the effects of miR-140-5p in T cell development. Therefore, to determine the role of this miRNA in MS, this study was directed to investigate the expression level in MS samples and its relationship with clinical factors. In this study, expression level of miR-140-5p was evaluated in 40 MS patient and 40 health individual by using qPCR. Followed total RNA extraction, expression was investigated by miRNA specific primers by stem-loop method and then statistical analysis was accomplished to define the significance. In the next step, the correlation between clinical factors and miRNA expression was considered. The results of the present study showed that relative expression of miR-140-5pwas significantly decreased in MS patient compared with the control group (P<0.001). As a result, miR-140-5p may contribute to MS disease, so that decrease in its expression is associated with increased disability. Further investigation can help to suggest this miRNA as diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets in MS.

One of the main reasons of dental caries is the increase in microbial activity in the oral cavity. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is the main etiological agent in dental caries. The aim of this study was preparation and evaluation bio-nanocomposite Chitosan CS-St-MMT encapsulated with Curcumin fabricated by precipitation and ionic gelation method and antimicrobial effect was investigated. The present study was an experimental one. Physiochemical characteristics and structural characterization of nanocomposite were evaluated by the from the perspective of in vitro efficiency, drug release profile, nanocomposite size, zeta potential, surface morphology and FTIR spectra. The optimal formulation nanocomposites had the average particles size of 35.9 nm and zeta potential 37.2 mV and Curcumin entrapment efficiency of 91%. The maximum release of the drug for this Nanosystem was about 80%, indicated the control of release in the presence of montmorillonite compared with the absence of montmorillonite nanocomposite. In FTIR studies, absorption peak was observed for curcumin, starch, chitosan and montmorillonite in nanocomposites, which indicated the mixing of montmorillonite and curcumin in nanocomposites. Finally, the antibacterial activity of bio nanocomposite against Streptococcus mutans was assessed. Curcumin-loaded bio nanocomposite hindered the formation of biofilm on dental models very effectively, because of the improvement in the encapsulated curcumin stability and increased water solubility.

Natural cellulose is a normal wound healing remedy that can improve the wound healing properties by combining with some herbal extracts. The aim of this study was to evaluate the production of bacterial cellulose containing Zingiber extract and to evaluate its healing effects in rat cutaneous wounds. In this experimental study, Gluconacetobacter xylinus was first cultured in a hysterine-scrum culture medium under static conditions and aqueous extract of Zingiber officinale plant was prepared. Then, Microculture Tetrazolium Test (MTT) was performed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the aqueous extract of Zingiber officinale, and finally the healing process was investigated on rat cutaneous ulcers in different days of treatment. The results of this study have shown that the cellulose layer was manufactured, tight, non-fracture and with pH = 7/005, which had the proper repair wound of 80%. The extract of the Zingiber officinale plant in the MTT test had toxicity to the cells, which has the same toxicity for cancerous and non-cancerous cells. For wound healing, the non-toxic concentration of the extract was used, and the results of the wound healing showed that cellulose and Zingiber officinale extract can be used as a suitable drug for wound healing. Gluconacetobacter xylinus is effective in healing and wound, also the Zingiber officinale plant has a miraculous effect on open wounds.