فصلنامه مطالعات امنیت اجتماعی
سال ششم شماره 3 (پیاپی 43، پاییز 1394)

The present article aims at reviewing the crimes in the suburb of Tehran and its consequences. Given the theory of structural pressures, three approaches including structural opportunities, social learning, and social ecology, which have had proper explanation about the issue, have been used to explain the matter theoretically. Using these approaches, variables of inequality feeling, socioeconomic level, urban services, welfare facilities, and social control were extracted, benchmarked and tested. The research is of survey type, and the required information was analyzed. Interview and questionnaire were used for gathering information, and the information was analyzed by SPSS.N=670 covering 18+ residents of Tehran suburb. The respondents were chosen by cluster sampling method. The research findings indicate that there is no significant relationship between socioeconomic class and the level of crimes and its consequences; however, variables of inequality feeling, urban services, welfare services, social control and crowdedness of the neighborhood on one hand ,and crimes and its consequences on the other.

The present research has aimed at assessing the range of impact of acquiring provocation control skills on mitigating anger, mental security, conjugal satisfaction and level of esprit among young couples; from among the young couples referring to psychoanalysis consultation centers, 20 couples have been selected. Then the 20 couples were randomly divided into two groups: “test” and “control”. Afterward, level of anger, level of mental security, level of conjugal dissatisfaction and level of esprit of the subjects in the two groups were measured through utilizing four standard and self-made scales with sufficient reliability and validity. Next, the subjects belonging to “control” group were requested to stay in the waiting list for two months. However, the subjects belonging to “test” group were exposed to “provocation control skills” training courses for 8 sessions in 2 months. Finishing the test course, the four aforesaid variables in the two groups were measured. The resulted data from the two measurement steps were analyzed through using T- Test and using SPSS. The relevant results indicated that acquiring provocation control skills both in men and women while reducing anger and being prone to getting annoyed enhances the level of mental security and the level of conjugal satisfaction, too. Nevertheless, it does not have any significant impact on esprit enhancement.

Borderline villages are among deprived regions of the country. Organizing the status of these regions aimed at upgrading individuals› security feeling is so vital and essential. Establishing borderline markets in these regions may contribute as proper factor in materialization of the above-mentioned objective. The present research tries to find the answer to this question:»How have borderline markets in Baneh city affected the security feeling of borderline villagers?» Given the empirical background and subjective literature, an approach made up of social and economic aspects of security based on theories of security introduced by Buzan, Mitar, etc have been chosen to assess and evaluate the concept of security feeling. The research is of quantitative and qualitative type. N=237including the residents of two groups of villages in Baneh city: near the borderline markets and those far from them. In addition 35 villagers were also interviewed. The research findings indicate that those who live near the borderline markets compared with others feel more secure in terms of economic and professional issues. However, looking at the issue from social point of view, it came out that living near borderline markets had negative impact on the tendency of young people to continue their studies. Finally, the findings of the research indicate that borderline markets have not met the major objectives behind their establishment and require revision.

Police performance is among the factors that may have impact on public trust in police performance. The present article aims at reviewing individuals› assessment of police performance and its role in public trust in police. The research is of survey type. N=400 including Tehrani residents achieved by using Cochran formula. The variable police performance assessment has been evaluated taking into consideration two factors: professional activities of police and police temperament. The descriptive results of the research indicate that police performance and trust in police are deemed to be of medium level. Furthermore, the results of the research indicated that police performance assessment has a high correlation with trust in police. It is noteworthy that 52.7 percent of changes in trust in police have something to do with police performance. After all, it can be concluded that better the police performance, the higher will be public trust in police.

Security is the prerequisite for a healthy society; in addition security feeling paves the ground for development of human communities, and every single community owes its prosperity to maintaining security and security feeling. Whereas police performance is an external control tool contributing to security feeling; citizens› security feeling leads to upgrading the level of comfort and welfare on the part of citizens as well as becoming responsible and accountable, and finally leads to improvement of their life standard. The present research aims at analyzing the performance of Khorramabad police to assess the three periods of police performance and citizens› security through using IPA technique. The tool used in the research is questionnaire which was filled in by 130 citizens who were randomly chosen in Khorramabad .The results indicated that police performance in the traditional and professional paradigm is categorized in the matrix of «retaining», and in order to provide citizens with security these two paradigm which are the strong points in establishing security and security feeling should be retained in Khorramabad; however, given the average importance and weak performance of police, paradigm of community-oriented policing is at the center of attention. The paradigm is among the requirements of our community in order to prevent crime while enhancing security and security feeling due to the fact that citizens› dissatisfaction from police weak performance emanates from failure of police in executing the elements of community-oriented policing.

Police performance is among the factors that may have impact on public trust in police performance. The present article aims at reviewing individuals› assessment of police performance and its role in public trust in police. The research is of survey type. N=400 including Tehrani residents achieved by using Cochran formula. The variable police performance assessment has been evaluated taking into consideration two factors: professional activities of police and police temperament. The descriptive results of the research indicate that police performance and trust in police are deemed to be of medium level. Furthermore, the results of the research indicated that police performance assessment has a high correlation with trust in police. It is noteworthy that 52.7 percent of changes in trust in police have something to do with police performance. After all, it can be concluded that better the police performance, the higher will be public trust in police.

The present paper, has explained the relationship between macro collective identity (Religious and universal) and social trust of Dushanbe city’s youth and has used Gideon’s theory as a prevailing approach to review the above-mentioned relationship. The research methodology is of survey type, using questionnaire. N= 189041 including all the young people (male and female) of Dushanbe city, ranging from 18-29. Among this number, 383 people were chosen as a statistical sample and measured based on simple random sampling. These findings indicated that there is a significant relationship between macro collective identity and social trust. Likewise, the most important (the most favorable) collective identity at the view point of Dushanbe city’s youth is universal identity. Moreover, the presented determination coefficient of the regression model is 59.1% which shows that the collective identities explain 59.1% of the youth’s social trust. The results indicate that the collective identity of Tajikistan’s youth has changed for 20 years influenced by national minority (Tajik) and expanded towards religious and universal macro collective identities.

The present research has reviewed the impact of cultural commodities such as satellite, internet, television, books and journals on the emergence of phenomenon of delinquency on the part of young boys kept in the «Juvenile Reformatory» in the first half of Iranian Calendar year1392.The research is of survey, descriptive, analytical and correlative type. It has benefitted from the theories of Adreno, Federeston and Bandora as the theoretical framework to review the relationship between variables such as type and duration of time using satellite programs, type of sites visited and duration of time allocated to this, type of foreign journals read, type of books read, as well as type of TV programs watched on one hand; and delinquency among boys as a dependent variable. N=142 including boys kept at Kermanshah «Juvenile Reformatory «in a three month period. Therefore, the respondents have been chosen based on contingency sampling method. Alpha Chronbach and Lavche credit method have been used to test the reliability and validity of the tool. Finally, the collected information is analyzed through using SPSS. Based on the results of the research it was concluded and confirmed that four variables: type of program, duration of watching satellite programs, type of sites visited and the duration of time allocated to that, type of journals read, together with television were the main drivers of having tendency toward delinquency had significant impact on it.

The present research discusses and examines the constituent of social security feeling in geographical contexts. In order to assess social security feeling in the villages of Sakhtsar district in Ramsar city through using descriptive -analytic methods, systemic problem solving as well as tools have been used for archival data collection and field survey on a sample of 20 villages. Spatial analysis has been conducted by specialized software «Arc GIS» using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and interpolation and clustering. Finally, the Social Security Index resulted in four different outcomes. Financial and physical security index in the study area are so significant, while reputation security represents a moderate level. But the study of environmental security in the area has been visibly the most affected.